Perforated Core Liner Assembly for Turbofan Noise and Drag

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing noise attenuation systems in turbofan engines face challenges in reducing drag and are costly and time-consuming to manufacture due to the extensive number of holes required for effective noise damping.

Innovation Solution

A liner assembly comprising a core, a septum, and a facesheet with slots oriented perpendicular to the airflow direction, where the septum is directly adjacent to the facesheet, reducing drag and noise attenuation by minimizing pressure loss and facilitating manufacturing efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If holes are formed in the facesheet to achieve desired acoustic performance, then noise attenuation is improved, but surface drag increases and manufacturing cost/time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenoise attenuationVSAvoidsurface drag
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of forming holes in the facesheet to achieve acoustic performance, the patent inverts the approach by using a perforated core structure. The core has perforations that allow sound waves to pass through, while the facesheet remains solid or has minimal openings. This inversion eliminates the need for extensive hole formation in the facesheet, thereby reducing surface drag while maintaining noise attenuation capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a perforated core as an intermediary structure between the facesheet and the acoustic environment. This core with its perforations serves as the primary acoustic attenuation mechanism, mediating the sound wave interaction. By placing the perforations in the core rather than the facesheet, the design achieves acoustic performance without compromising the facesheet's aerodynamic efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If holes are formed in the facesheet to achieve desired acoustic performance, then noise attenuation is improved, but manufacturing cost and time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenoise attenuationVSAvoidmanufacturing cost and time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the conventional approach by placing perforations in the core structure rather than forming them in the facesheet. This inversion significantly simplifies manufacturing, as the facesheet can be produced with minimal or no openings using standard fabrication processes, while the core's perforations are formed as part of its structural assembly. This reduces both manufacturing cost and time requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the acoustic attenuation function from the facesheet by implementing a separate perforated core structure. This segmentation allows the facesheet to be manufactured independently with simple processes, while the core handles the acoustic perforation requirements. The modular design enables separate optimization and assembly, reducing overall manufacturing complexity and time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If slots are oriented parallel to airflow, then noise attenuation is achieved, but drag is maximized

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenoise attenuationVSAvoiddrag
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the conventional slot orientation by positioning slots perpendicular to the airflow direction rather than parallel to it. This perpendicular orientation reduces the projected area of the slots in the flow direction, minimizing drag while maintaining adequate open area for acoustic wave transmission. The inversion of the slot orientation relative to airflow resolves the contradiction between noise attenuation and drag reduction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively reduces drag to levels comparable to a smooth facesheet and achieves significant noise attenuation while decreasing manufacturing costs and time, with experimental testing confirming the perpendicular slot orientation and septum placement as key factors.

Implementation Method 1

Each slot is elongated in a direction perpendicular to a direction of an airflow configured to travel over the facesheet... reducing drag and noise attenuation by minimizing pressure loss

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure loss reduction: Drag

Implementation Method 2

Sound waves generated inside the engine propagate and enter the cells of the honeycomb core through the facesheet and reflect from a backsheet at a phase different from the entering sound waves to facilitate damping the incoming sound waves

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSound wave reflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 3

facilitate damping the incoming sound waves and attenuating the overall noise level

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAcoustic damping: Damping

Data Source

PatentEP3276152B1Engine housing comprising a liner assembly and methods of assembling a liner assembly
Publication Date: 2020.09.02 THE BOEING CO
  • EP3276152B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3276152B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3276152B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A liner assembly (100) includes a core (102) and a septum (104) coupled to the core. The liner assembly also includes a facesheet (106) coupled to the septum. The facesheet includes a plurality of slots (126) defined therethrough. Each slot of the plurality of slots includes a major axis (128) oriented perpendicular to a centerline (18) of the liner assembly.