Gas Turbine Combustor Liner Cap with Impingement Plate for Acoustic Damping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing damping systems for gas turbine combustors are complex and increase the size of the combustor, failing to effectively address acoustic vibrations generated during combustion.
Innovation Solution
A liner cap with a first cavity and a second cavity, separated by an impingement plate, absorbs acoustic vibrations by directing compressed air through a system of through holes, allowing the liner cap to function as a damping device without increasing the combustor's volume, effectively targeting multiple frequency peaks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If external damping devices are disposed on the outside of the gas turbine combustor, then acoustic vibrations can be dampened, but the device complexity and combustor size increase
Solution Approach 1:
The damping function is merged with the liner cap structure. The liner cap incorporates internal cavities (first cavity and second cavity) that serve as damping chambers, eliminating the need for separate external damping devices. The impingement plate with through holes is integrated into the liner cap to direct compressed air into these cavities, creating a unified structure that combines cooling air distribution with acoustic vibration damping functionality.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If external damping devices are disposed on the outside of the gas turbine combustor, then acoustic vibrations can be dampened, but the combustor volume increases
Solution Approach 1:
The damping cavities are nested within the liner cap structure. The first cavity and second cavity are positioned inside the liner cap, with the impingement plate nested between them. This nested arrangement allows the damping functionality to be contained within the existing combustor volume without requiring additional external space, effectively placing the damping system 'inside' the liner cap rather than adding it as an external component.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the liner cap uses multiple cavities with different volumes, then multiple frequency peaks can be absorbed, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The damping system is segmented into multiple cavities with different volumes (first cavity and second cavity), each designed to absorb specific frequency peaks of acoustic vibrations. The impingement plate is also segmented with multiple through holes that direct compressed air into different regions. This segmentation allows targeted frequency absorption while distributing the manufacturing requirements across standardized components rather than requiring a single complex precision-critical cavity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The liner cap effectively reduces or eliminates acoustic vibrations by absorbing them within its cavities, improving the operational stability of the gas turbine combustor without increasing its size.
Implementation Method 1
the first cavity and the second cavity absorb acoustic vibrations generated in the combustion chamber
Implementation Method 2
an impingement plate between the first cavity and the second cavity... the impingement plate includes a plurality of through holes
Data Source
AI summary
A gas turbine combustor includes a combustion chamber, a liner adjacent to the combustion chamber, a liner cap capping the combustion chamber, and a swirler cup passing through the liner cap. The liner cap includes a first cavity having a first inlet receiving an air, a second cavity having a first outlet facing the combustion chamber, and an impingement plate between the first cavity and the second cavity. The air flows from the first inlet to the combustion chamber through the first cavity, the impingement plate, and the second cavity.