Linking Molecules for Stable Nucleic Acid Binding Complexes

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for detecting biomolecules using magnetic sensing technologies face challenges in enhancing the strength and stability of binding complexes between nucleic acid target molecules and substrates, limiting their sensitivity and efficiency.

Innovation Solution

The use of linking molecules with target-specific and capture probe-specific binding moieties, combined with cross-linking agents, to form stable binding complexes by introducing covalent bonds, thereby increasing the strength and stability of the interactions between nucleic acid target molecules and substrates, including biochip surfaces and detectable labels.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If conventional binding methods are used to detect nucleic acid target molecules, then the detection process is simple, but the binding complex strength and stability are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebinding complex strengthVSAvoiddetection system complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

StrengthVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces linking molecules as intermediary components that mediate between the nucleic acid target molecule and the substrate. These linking molecules contain target-specific binding moieties that bind to the target and capture probe-specific binding moieties that bind to the substrate, thereby forming stable binding complexes and resolving the contradiction between binding strength and system complexity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite binding systems combining multiple components: nucleic acid target molecules, linking molecules with specific binding moieties, and substrate components. This composite approach creates multi-point binding interactions that significantly enhance binding complex strength while maintaining detectability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Stability of the object's composition

If conventional binding methods are used, then the detection system is simple, but the binding complex stability is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebinding complex stabilityVSAvoiddetection system complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Linking molecules serve as stable intermediary connectors between the nucleic acid target and substrate, forming persistent binding complexes through multiple binding moieties that maintain structural integrity and resist dissociation under various conditions

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The linking molecules are pre-designed with specific binding moieties that are complementary to both the target nucleic acid sequences and substrate capture probes, ensuring stable complex formation before detection begins

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

3Strength

If covalent bonds are introduced to increase binding strength, then the binding complex strength increases, but the formation process complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebinding interaction strengthVSAvoidcomplex formation ease

Core Design Contradiction:

StrengthVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Linking molecules act as pre-formed intermediaries that facilitate covalent bond formation between the nucleic acid target and substrate. These intermediaries contain functional groups designed to form stable covalent connections, simplifying the overall process while achieving strong binding

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances the formation and stability of binding complexes, improving the detection sensitivity and efficiency of nucleic acid target molecules, allowing for more robust and reliable magnetic sensing applications.

Implementation Method 1

The linking molecule in turn comprises one or more target-specific binding moieties which specifically bind to the nucleic acid target molecule, when present. The linking molecule also comprises one or more capture probe-specific binding moieties which specifically bind to at least one of the plurality of capture probes bound to the substrate surface

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectSpecific binding:

Implementation Method 2

Covalent bonds can be introduced to further increase the strength of these binding interactions. The method optionally includes adding to the reaction mixture a cross-linking agent to form covalent bonds between specifically bound nucleic acid molecules, if present

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCovalent bonding: Chemical Bonding

Data Source

PatentUS9150910B2Methods and compositions in particle-based detection of target molecules using linking molecules

Publication Date: 2015.10.06 HEADWAY TECHNOLOGIES INC

AI summary

Methods and compositions which can be used to increase the strength and/or probability of forming a binding complex comprising a target molecule and a substrate are disclosed. In one aspect, linking molecules are disclosed which can be used to increase the number of intra-complex binding interactions. Covalent bonds can be introduced to further increase the strength of these binding interactions. Inter-complex cross-linking can be utilized in connection with these methods to further strengthen and stabilize the disclosed binding complexes.