Liquid Composite Spring With Hydraulic Damping for Rail Vibration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional rubber cone springs used in rail vehicles face limitations in dynamic stiffness and damping performance, particularly at high frequencies and in dissipating vibration energy, due to the inherent properties of rubber materials.
Innovation Solution
A liquid composite spring design featuring upper and lower liquid chambers connected by a metal-rubber main spring with flow channels, allowing liquid communication and providing variable stiffness and enhanced damping through fluid circulation and resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If traditional rubber cone springs are used, then different values of stiffness in vertical, horizontal and longitudinal directions can be achieved with improved nonlinear characteristics, but the dynamic stiffness will be reduced as the frequency of vibration increases and damping performance is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines rubber material with liquid damping material to create a composite spring system. The rubber cone spring provides nonlinear stiffness characteristics in multiple directions, while the liquid damping material (oil) provides frequency-independent damping and additional stiffness support at high frequencies, resolving the contradiction between adaptability and high-frequency reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the rubber cone spring with a liquid damping chamber into a single integrated device. The rubber spring and liquid damping system work together synergistically, where the rubber provides elastic recovery and directional stiffness, while the liquid provides viscous damping and frequency-stable support, achieving both variable stiffness and high-frequency reliability
2Adaptability or versatility
If traditional rubber cone springs are used, then nonlinear characteristics are improved, but the capability for dissipating vibration energy is limited due to relatively small damping performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite system combining rubber material with liquid damping material. The rubber provides nonlinear elastic characteristics, while the liquid damping material (oil flowing through channels) provides significant viscous damping through friction and resistance, together achieving both nonlinear characteristics and superior vibration energy dissipation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates a hydraulic damping mechanism where liquid (oil) flows through channels in the rubber cone spring. The hydraulic resistance of the liquid provides substantial damping force that dissipates vibration energy, overcoming the limited damping capability of rubber alone while preserving its nonlinear characteristics
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The liquid composite spring effectively reduces vibrations, offers variable stiffness, and improves damping performance across a range of frequencies, addressing the limitations of traditional rubber cone springs.
Implementation Method 1
a flow channel is arranged in the annular flow channel body. The flow channel is configured to provide liquid communication between the upper liquid chamber and the lower liquid chamber, and generate a certain damping force during flow of the liquid
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid composite spring for vehicles includes: a core shaft; an outer sleeve arranged on an upper portion of the core shaft, the upper portion of the core shaft being located inside the outer sleeve while the lower portion of the core shaft being located outside the outer sleeve; an upper liquid chamber formed in an upper portion of the outer sleeve, a lower end of the upper liquid chamber being connected to a top of the core shaft; and a lower liquid chamber formed in a lower portion of outer sleeve, the lower liquid chamber and the upper liquid chamber being connected with each other through a metal-rubber main spring. At least one flow channel body is provided in the metal-rubber main spring, so that liquid in the upper liquid chamber and liquid in the lower liquid chamber are communicated with each other through the flow channel body.