Liquid Crystal Composition Balancing K Ave, Contrast, and Transmittance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing liquid crystal compositions struggle to balance high contrast ratio, low light leakage, and high transmittance, particularly in VA, IPS, and FFS display elements, due to challenges in optimizing elastic constant K ave, dielectric constant perpendicular to the molecular axis (ε ⊥ ), and optical anisotropy (Δn).
Innovation Solution
A liquid crystal composition comprising specific compounds of general formulas I, II, N, M, B, A, and RM, designed to enhance K ave, ε ⊥ , and reduce LC scattering, while maintaining appropriate optical anisotropy and clearing point, suitable for VA, IPS, or FFS type display elements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If liquid crystal composition has large dielectric anisotropy to reduce threshold voltage, then driving voltage and power consumption are reduced, but the degree of order of liquid crystal molecules decreases, reducing K ave value and affecting light leakage and contrast rate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the molecular structure of liquid crystal compounds by changing parameters such as introducing fluorine atoms at specific positions (R1-F, R2-F, R3-F) and adjusting alkyl chain lengths and types. These structural parameter changes optimize the balance between dielectric anisotropy and elastic constants, achieving both low power consumption and high contrast rate simultaneously
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite liquid crystal compositions combining multiple compounds with different molecular structures (compounds of formulas I, II, N, M, B, A, and RM) to achieve synergistic effects. This composite approach allows optimization of both dielectric properties for low power consumption and elastic properties for high contrast rate
2Object-affected harmful factors
If K ave value is increased to reduce light leakage, then light leakage performance improves, but this requires specific molecular structures that may compromise other performance parameters
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality modification by introducing fluorine atoms at specific local positions (R1-F, R2-F, R3-F) within the molecular structure rather than uniformly modifying the entire molecule. This localized modification optimizes the elastic constants and reduces light leakage while maintaining overall molecular simplicity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent systematically changes molecular parameters including fluorine substitution positions, alkyl chain lengths (C1-C6), and substituent types to optimize K ave value. These parameter optimizations reduce light leakage without requiring overly complex molecular structures
3Reliability
If optical anisotropy is optimized for high contrast rate, then image clarity and color performance improve, but this may reduce transmittance in certain display modes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs liquid crystal compositions with dynamic molecular orientation characteristics that can adapt to different display modes (VA, IPS, FFS). The optimized elastic constants and optical anisotropy allow the liquid crystal molecules to dynamically reorient in response to electric fields while maintaining high contrast rate and acceptable transmittance across different operating conditions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition achieves improved contrast ratio, reduced light leakage, and maintained transmittance by optimizing K ave and ε ⊥ , enhancing display performance in VA, IPS, and FFS type elements.
Implementation Method 1
The optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition is associated with the contrast rate of the element. A large optical anisotropy or a small optical anisotropy is needed with the variation of the display mode of the element
Implementation Method 2
A liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal composition with a large absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy reduces the base voltage value, reduces the driving voltage and further reduces electric power consumption
Implementation Method 3
the K ave value reflecting degree of order of the liquid crystal molecules reduces as well, and the light leakage and the contrast rate of the liquid crystal material are affected
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal composition comprises at least one compound of general formula I and at least one compound of general formula II. Via designing the components of the liquid crystal composition, the liquid crystal composition prepared in the present invention has a larger Kave value, a higher ε⊥ and a lower LC scattering, and has an appropriate optical anisotropy and clearing point at the same time, which makes the liquid crystal display device containing the same have a better transmission and contrast rate, and suitable for display elements of VA, IPS or FFS type.