Liquid Crystal Panel Four-Domain Structure Light Leakage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional MVA liquid crystal display technology experiences significant light leakage along slant directions and color shift issues due to its structure, which affects image quality and contrast.
Innovation Solution
A liquid crystal panel design incorporating four-domain structures with specific reference azimuth and pretilt angle configurations, along with shared polarizers, to achieve 16 rotation states, reducing light leakage and eliminating color shift by uniformly distributing liquid crystal molecule rotations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional MVA liquid crystal display technology is used, then the display structure is simple, but light leakage along slant directions occurs and color shift issues arise
Solution Approach 1:
The liquid crystal display is divided into multiple four-domain structures (first, second, third, and fourth) with different reference azimuths and pretilt angles. Each four-domain structure independently controls light leakage in specific directions, and the combination of all four structures achieves comprehensive suppression of light leakage and color shift across all viewing angles.
Solution Approach 2:
Different four-domain structures are assigned different local optical properties: the first and second structures have one set of reference azimuth and pretilt angle combinations, while the third and fourth structures have different combinations. This local differentiation allows each structure to optimize for specific viewing directions, collectively eliminating overall light leakage and color shift.
2Illumination intensity
If projections are removed to improve transmission rate and three-dimensional effect, then transmission rate increases, but dark state light leakage problems are greatly enhanced
Solution Approach 1:
The liquid crystal molecules are pre-configured with specific reference azimuths and pretilt angles in the four-domain structures before voltage application. This preliminary configuration ensures that when voltage is applied and projections are removed, the molecules rotate to positions that prevent light leakage, rather than allowing uncontrolled rotation that would cause dark state light leakage.
Solution Approach 2:
The liquid crystal molecules are designed to dynamically rotate between different states based on applied voltage. In the off-state, the multi-domain structure maintains molecules in orientations that prevent light leakage. When voltage is applied, the molecules rotate uniformly to achieve high transmission, maintaining both dark state performance and bright state transmission.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design significantly reduces light leakage along slant directions by at least half, enhancing contrast and eliminating color shift issues, particularly at large viewing angles, while maintaining optical efficiency and not increasing the number of TFTs.
Implementation Method 1
the liquid crystals in the top area and the down area are respectively of four domains. The two four-domains structures constitute one sub-pixel. As shown, the reference azimuth of the four-domains liquid crystals are the same. As shown in FIG. 2, the pretilt angle of the two four-domains liquid crystals are different.
Implementation Method 2
the liquid crystal panel further includes a polarizer, the first four-domain structure and the second four-domain structure share the polarizer, and the third four-domain structure and the fourth four-domain structure share the polarizer
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal panel includes a first four-domain structure, a second four-domain structure, a third four-domain structure, and a fourth four-domain structure repeatedly arranged. A reference azimuth of the rotated liquid crystal within the first four-domain structure is the same with the second, the reference azimuth of the rotated liquid crystal within the third four-domain structure is the same with the fourth, a difference between the reference azimuth of the rotated liquid crystal within the first four-domain structure and the third four-domain structure is in a range between 40 and 50 degrees. A pretilt angle of the rotated liquid crystal within the first four-domain structure is different from the second, and the pretilt angle of the rotated liquid crystal within the third four-domain structure is different from the fourth. With such configuration, the light leakage and color shift issue may be eliminated.