Polymerizable Liquid Crystal Waveguide 3D Printing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for producing high-frequency devices are costly and time-consuming due to the use of traditional manufacturing techniques, and there is a need for miniaturization of waveguide components without compromising their properties.

Innovation Solution

A method using a polymerizable liquid crystal medium that is exposed to electromagnetic radiation to form a polymerized region, allowing for the production of tunable high-frequency components with reduced material waste and no additional filling steps, enabling rapid prototyping and low-cost mass production.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional manufacturing techniques (bending, welding, brazing, machining) are used to produce waveguide components, then the components achieve required structural integrity and electrical performance, but the production time is long and costs are high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural integrity and electrical performanceVSAvoidproduction time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple separate manufacturing operations (molding, plating, assembly) into a single integrated 3D printing process that produces waveguide components with metallized surfaces directly from liquid crystal polymer precursors, eliminating sequential production steps and significantly reducing fabrication time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical manufacturing methods (welding, brazing, machining) with an additive manufacturing process that builds components layer-by-layer through controlled polymerization and metallization, substituting subtractive and assembly-based mechanics with a constructive digital fabrication approach

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If waveguide components are made from metal stock through bending and welding, then the components achieve required strength and conductivity, but the raw material costs are high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestrength and conductivityVSAvoidraw material cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs composite materials consisting of liquid crystal polymer matrices with embedded metallic particles or coatings, creating a hybrid material system that provides both the structural properties of metals and the cost advantages of polymer-based manufacturing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses cost-effective liquid crystal polymer precursors that can be processed through 3D printing to create functional waveguide components, replacing expensive metal stock materials with more economical polymer-based alternatives that achieve comparable performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Manufacturing precision

If conventional waveguide components are individually machined and assembled, then the components achieve precise dimensions, but the fabrication time is long resulting in high energy consumption

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedimensional accuracyVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSUse of energy by stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary digital modeling and process planning through computer-aided design, allowing the 3D printing process to directly fabricate components with precise dimensions built-in, eliminating the need for subsequent machining operations and reducing overall energy consumption

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

4Volume of moving object

If waveguide dimensions are reduced for miniaturization, then the component size decreases, but the wavelength requirements become more stringent

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomponent sizeVSAvoidwavelength tolerance
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent utilizes the tunable dielectric properties of liquid crystal materials, where the dielectric constant can be adjusted by changing the alignment of liquid crystal molecules through electric fields or material composition, allowing optimization of waveguide dimensions and wavelength characteristics simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method enables the efficient production of high-frequency devices with improved properties and smaller dimensions, reducing production time and costs while maintaining performance.

Implementation Method 1

exposing a region of the polymerizable liquid crystal medium to electromagnetic radiation to form a polymerized region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotopolymerisation: Photopolymerisation

Implementation Method 2

Liquid crystal monomers contain stiff, rod-like mesogenic segments which can be aligned by an external force such as shear, electric field or magnetic field, causing an anisotropy in properties

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLiquid Crystals: Liquid Crystals

Data Source

PatentEP4455250A1Method for producing a high-frequency device, use of a polymerizable liquid crystal medium for producing a highfrequency device, and high-frequency device
Publication Date: 2024.10.30 MERCK PATENT GMBH
  • EP4455250A1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP4455250A1 patent drawingFigure 4
  • EP4455250A1 patent drawing

AI summary

A method for producing a high-frequency device is disclosed. According to one embodiment, the method comprises at least the steps of a) providing a polymerizable liquid crystal medium, b) exposing a region of the polymerizable liquid crystal medium to electromagnetic radiation to form a polymerized region, c) repeating step b) to produce a three-dimensional body, wherein the polymerizable liquid crystal medium comprises at least one mesogenic component. Further, a use of a polymerizable liquid crystal medium for producing a high-frequency device and a high-frequency device are disclosed.