Liquid Nitrogen Direct Injection for Mine Fire Cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current fire prevention and extinguishing materials in coal mines, particularly inert gases and traditional foam materials, have low cooling capacity and poor automation, leading to inefficient fire control and high labor costs.
Innovation Solution
A liquid nitrogen direct injection and low-temperature foaming system that injects liquid nitrogen into fire zones, using forced convection, membrane boiling, and nucleate boiling to create high-pressure oxygen exhaust and cooling effects, allowing for the preparation and regulation of various fire-extinguishing materials according to specific fire area characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If traditional foam fire-fighting materials are used, then the fire extinguishing function is provided, but the cooling capacity is insufficient and relies mainly on water evaporation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes the phase transition of liquid nitrogen from liquid to gas during evaporation, which absorbs large amounts of heat (latent heat of vaporization). This phase transition mechanism provides superior cooling capacity compared to traditional water-based foams, directly addressing the insufficient cooling effect while reducing reliance on water evaporation alone
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the temperature parameter by introducing liquid nitrogen at extremely low temperatures (-196°C) into the fire zone. This drastic temperature difference creates intense cooling effects through thermal exchange, fundamentally improving the cooling capacity parameter compared to traditional foam materials that operate near ambient temperatures
2Extent of automation
If inert gases and traditional foam materials are used, then fire extinguishing is achieved, but the automation level is low and labor costs are high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical operations with an automated control system that includes sensors, controllers, and automated injection mechanisms. The system automatically detects fire conditions, calculates required nitrogen quantities, and controls injection parameters without human intervention, thereby increasing automation level and reducing labor costs
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates self-monitoring and self-adjustment capabilities through sensors that detect temperature, pressure, and flow conditions. The control system automatically adjusts injection parameters based on real-time feedback, enabling the system to serve itself without continuous human operation, thus improving automation and reducing labor requirements
3Temperature
If liquid nitrogen is directly injected into fire zones, then cooling performance is enhanced, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the fire suppression system into distinct functional modules: liquid nitrogen storage tank, pressurization device, injection system, and control system. Each module performs a specific function and can be independently maintained or replaced, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining high cooling performance through direct injection
4Productivity
If traditional foam materials are used, then fire extinguishing is provided, but the fire extinguishing period is long and efficiency is low
Solution Approach 1:
The rapid phase transition of liquid nitrogen from liquid to gas provides instantaneous cooling and oxygen displacement effects. This quick phase change accelerates the fire extinguishing process, significantly reducing the fire extinguishing period and improving overall efficiency compared to traditional foam materials that rely on slower water evaporation and chemical reactions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system enhances cooling performance, improves automation, and increases the efficiency of fire prevention and extinguishing by using liquid nitrogen's high cooling capacity and stability, enabling the simultaneous injection of multiple fire-extinguishing materials and regulating their density for optimal application.
Implementation Method 1
the liquid nitrogen is directly injected into a foam liquid, to prepare a low-temperature foam fire preventing and extinguishing material by means of forced convection, membrane boiling, explosion boiling and nucleate boiling between the liquid nitrogen and water
Implementation Method 2
prepare a low-temperature foam fire preventing and extinguishing material by means of forced convection, membrane boiling, explosion boiling and nucleate boiling between the liquid nitrogen and water
Implementation Method 3
prepare a low-temperature foam fire preventing and extinguishing material by means of forced convection, membrane boiling, explosion boiling and nucleate boiling between the liquid nitrogen and water
Implementation Method 4
the liquid nitrogen is directly injected into a Characteristic fire zone, achieving the effects of 'high pressure oxygen exhaust' and 'cooling and refrigeration'
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to the technical field of mine fire prevention and extinguishing, in particular to a liquid nitrogen direct injection and low-temperature foaming intelligent filling system based on mine fire area characteristics and an application method, comprising a liquid nitrogen storage tank, a liquid nitrogen direct injection system and a low-temperature foaming system, wherein the liquid nitrogen storage tank communicates with a liquid nitrogen pressurizing device through a main pipeline; a temperature control unit is arranged on the main pipeline; and the liquid nitrogen pressurizing device is connected with the liquid nitrogen direct injection system and the low-temperature foaming system, respectively, liquid nitrogen is directly injected into a foam liquid, to prepare a low-temperature foam type fire preventing and extinguishing material by means of forced convection, membrane boiling, explosion boiling and nucleate boiling between the liquid nitrogen and water.