Alkoxysilane Isocyanate Production via Liquid-Phase Thermal Cleavage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing processes for preparing isocyanates containing alkoxysilane groups face challenges such as the formation of undesirable by-products, toxicity, lack of selectivity, high catalyst requirements, and high investment and maintenance costs, as well as inefficient raw material use and system availability issues.
Innovation Solution
A continuous process involving the reaction of haloalkylalkoxysilanes with metal cyanate and alcohol to form alkoxysilanoalkyl urethanes, followed by thermal cracking and separation of isocyanates, with a focus on continuous operation and thermal post-treatment to reduce high-boiling components and increase recyclable materials, thereby enhancing yield and resource efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If gas-phase thermal cleavage at high temperature is used to prepare isocyanates, then isocyanate release is promoted, but expensive special equipment is required and reactor coking occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state parameter from gas-phase to liquid-phase operation, and adjusts temperature from high temperature (gas phase) to moderate temperature (150-250°C) liquid-phase thermal cleavage, thereby avoiding the need for expensive high-temperature equipment and reactor coking while maintaining effective isocyanate release
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces inert solvents (mineral oil, aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons) as intermediaries to dissolve the urethane and facilitate thermal cleavage at lower temperatures, replacing the direct gas-phase high-temperature approach and eliminating the need for special expensive equipment
2Productivity
If high temperature thermal cleavage is used to release isocyanates, then cleavage efficiency is improved, but reactor coking occurs and system availability suffers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the temperature parameter from high temperature (causing coking) to moderate temperature (150-250°C) liquid-phase thermal cleavage, and introduces inert solvents to facilitate the reaction, thereby maintaining high cleavage efficiency while preventing reactor coking and ensuring long-term system availability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potential harm of high-temperature coking into a benefit by using moderate temperature thermal cleavage in inert solvents, which not only prevents coking but also allows for continuous operation and improved system reliability
3Loss of substance
If solvent purification effort is increased to remove solvent loss, then solvent recovery is improved, but process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses inexpensive inert solvents (mineral oil, aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons) that can be easily recovered through simple distillation or evaporation, making the purification process economically viable and reducing overall process complexity compared to using expensive specialized solvents
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This process achieves high yields and efficient raw material use while minimizing deposits and ensuring long-term system availability, promoting a more selective and resource-saving method for producing isocyanates with alkoxysilane groups.
Implementation Method 1
thermally induced release of isocyanates containing alkoxysilane groups
Implementation Method 2
The alkoxysilanoalkyl urethane is added to the inert solvent and the temperature of the solvent is selected so high that on the one hand the urethane cleavage is promoted
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a process for the production of alkoxysilane group-containing isocyanate, in which, in the sequence of steps A) to D), A) haloalkylalkoxysilane is reacted with metal cyanate and alcohol to form alkoxysilanoalkylurethane, B) alkoxysilanoalkylurethane is freed from low-boiling substances, solids, salt loads and/or high-boiling substances and optionally purified, C) the alkoxysilanoalkylurethane obtained after B) is thermally cleaved, releasing alkoxysilane group-containing isocyanate and by-product and leaving behind bottom material, and D) the alkoxysilane group-containing isocyanate and by-product are separated from each other and from the cleavage bottom material and collected, wherein the process of at least steps C) to D) is carried out continuously.