Liquid Seal Compensation Duct for Thermal Expansion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional furnace flue gas connections face challenges with thermal expansion, leading to misalignment and increased costs due to the need for larger, heavier, and more expensive toggle sections to maintain a gas-tight seal, which also result in a larger footprint and potential leaks.

Innovation Solution

A compensation duct assembly with a liquid seal between the connection duct and the backpass wall, allowing for thermal expansion compensation without the need for a toggle section, maintaining a gas-tight seal and reducing structural support requirements.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional toggle sections are used to compensate for thermal expansion, then gas-tight connection is maintained, but the system becomes heavier and more expensive

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas-tight connectionVSAvoidtoggle section weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the conventional toggle section entirely and replaces it with a direct bolted connection between the compensation duct and backpass. The gas-tight seal is achieved through a water seal well and flexible element combination, extracting the expansion compensation function from the heavy toggle section while maintaining sealing reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a water seal well filled with liquid (water) to create a gas-tight barrier. The flexible element (such as a rubber or elastomeric membrane) works in conjunction with the water seal to maintain the gas-tight connection while accommodating thermal expansion movements, replacing the mechanical toggle section with a hydraulic/seal-based solution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

2Adaptability or versatility

If larger toggle sections are used to accommodate increased expansion, then thermal expansion compensation is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal expansion compensationVSAvoidtoggle section complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the expansion compensation function from the complex toggle section mechanism and implements it through a simpler bolted connection with a water seal well and flexible element. This allows the connection to accommodate expansion movements without requiring the complex articulated structure of conventional toggle sections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a flexible element (such as a rubber or elastomeric membrane) that can deform to accommodate thermal expansion movements. This flexible element, combined with the water seal well, provides adaptability to expansion while maintaining a simple overall structure compared to large toggle sections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

3Reliability

If toggle sections are used to connect misaligned ducts, then gas-tight seal is maintained, but footprint and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas-tight sealVSAvoidfootprint
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the toggle section that occupies significant space and replaces it with a compact bolted connection. The water seal well and flexible element combination provides gas-tight sealing in a much smaller footprint, eliminating the need for the extended structure of conventional toggle sections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Device complexity

If conventional bolted connections are used without toggle sections, then structure is simplified, but gas-tight seal during expansion is compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconnection structureVSAvoidgas-tight seal during expansion
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a water seal well filled with liquid to create a gas-tight barrier that remains effective during thermal expansion. The flexible element (such as a rubber or elastomeric membrane) works in conjunction with the water seal to maintain the gas-tight connection while accommodating expansion movements, preventing leakage that would occur with simple bolted connections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a flexible element that can deform to accommodate thermal expansion movements while maintaining the gas-tight seal. This flexible element, combined with the water seal well, provides the necessary reliability for gas-tight connection during expansion without requiring the complex structure of conventional toggle sections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The compensation duct assembly effectively manages thermal expansion in three dimensions while minimizing costs and footprint, reducing the likelihood of leaks and supporting structural weight directly, thus providing a lighter, simpler, and more cost-effective gas-tight connection.

Implementation Method 1

a liquid seal (120) at the topside of the backpass end of a connection duct (110)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLiquid seal:

Implementation Method 2

When the backpass 9 and the flue gas ducts 1 expand, they move downward as shown by arrow 'A' and to the right, as indicated by arrow 'B'

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Implementation Method 3

When air preheater duct 10 heats up, it expands upward in the direction shown by arrow 'C'

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Data Source

PatentEP2660517B1Water seal at backpass economizer gas outlet
Publication Date: 2020.01.15 GENERAL ELECTRIC TECH GMBH
  • EP2660517B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2660517B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2660517B1 patent drawingFigure 3~6

AI summary

A compensations duct assembly [100] is described that provides a gas tight connection between a backpass of a furnace and an air preheater pipe [10] having one end fixed relative to a floor. The compensation duct assembly [100] has an air preheater opening that is connected to an air preheater duct [10]. A liquid seal [120] is employed to compensate for the movement due to thermal expansion between the backpass and the compensation duct assembly [100]. The liquid seal [120] provides a gas tight connection under various conditions of thermal expansion.