Liquid Composite Spring With Hydraulic Damping for Rail Vibration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional rubber cone springs in rail vehicles exhibit limited dynamic stiffness and damping capabilities, leading to inadequate vibration reduction and energy dissipation, especially at higher frequencies.
Innovation Solution
A liquid composite spring with an outer sleeve, core shaft, and damping flow channel, allowing liquid to flow between upper and lower chambers, providing adjustable stiffness and damping properties through selection of core shaft models with varying damping flow channel lengths and cross-sectional areas.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Force
If traditional rubber cone springs are used, then different values of static stiffness in vertical, horizontal and longitudinal directions can be achieved, but the dynamic stiffness increases slowly and becomes stable as frequency increases, resulting in limited vibration energy dissipation capability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional rubber material with a hydraulic damping system consisting of a damping piston, damping liquid, and damping chambers. The damping piston divides the damping cavity into first and second damping chambers, with damping holes providing controlled liquid flow paths. This hydraulic mechanism generates frequency-dependent dynamic stiffness and dissipates vibration energy through viscous friction of the damping liquid, overcoming the limitations of rubber materials.
2Strength
If rubber material is used for spring device, then elastic deformation characteristics can be achieved, but the damping property is relatively small, limiting the capability for dissipating vibration energy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a hydraulic damping mechanism where damping liquid flows through damping holes in the damping piston during vibration cycles. The viscous resistance of the damping liquid creates significant damping forces that dissipate vibration energy as heat, achieving high damping properties that far exceed those of traditional rubber materials while maintaining elastic deformation capabilities through the spring elements.
3Adaptability or versatility
If a liquid composite spring with damping flow channel is used, then variable stiffness and high damping property can be provided, but the device complexity increases compared to traditional rubber cone springs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the damping system into distinct functional components: a damping piston with multiple damping holes, first and second damping chambers, and a damping liquid medium. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each component's parameters (hole diameter, chamber volume, liquid viscosity) to achieve variable stiffness characteristics while maintaining a relatively compact and manageable overall structure suitable for rail vehicle applications.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances vibration reduction and damping effects while allowing for rapid adjustment of stiffness and damping coefficients to accommodate different frequency conditions, overcoming the limitations of traditional rubber cone springs.
Implementation Method 1
a damping flow channel arranged in the core shaft, wherein an upper portion of the core shaft is located inside the outer sleeve, while a lower portion thereof extends out of the outer sleeve; an upper liquid chamber formed in an upper space inside the outer sleeve, wherein a lower portion of the upper liquid chamber is connected to a top end of the core shaft; and a lower liquid chamber formed in a lower space inside the outer sleeve, the lower liquid chamber being connected with the core shaft. The damping flow channel communicates liquid in the upper liquid chamber with liquid in the lower liquid chamber.
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid composite spring and a method for adjusting stiffness and damping property of the liquid composite spring such that the liquid composite spring includes an outer sleeve; a core shaft arranged around an upper portion of the outer sleeve. An upper portion of the core shaft is located inside the outer sleeve, while a lower portion extends out of the outer sleeve; an upper liquid chamber formed in an upper space inside the outer sleeve and having a lower portion connected to a top end of the core shaft; and a lower liquid chamber formed in a lower space inside the outer sleeve and connected with the core shaft. The core shaft has a damping flow channel arranged therein, for communicating liquid in the upper liquid chamber with liquid in the lower liquid chamber. The liquid composite spring can provide vibration-reducing effect and change stiffness and damping effect.