Lithium Anode Sealing for Moisture Barrier in Air Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium air batteries face rapid performance degradation due to corrosion of lithium metal and hydrogen gas generation caused by moisture and oxygen permeation, limiting their durability and capacity.
Innovation Solution
A compact anode structure for lithium secondary batteries is developed, featuring a current collector, lithium metal, a separator with an electrolyte, and a solid electrolyte, sealed with a sealing part to prevent moisture and oxygen ingress, using materials like nickel or copper for the current collector and organic-based or ionic liquid electrolytes to enhance ion migration and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If lithium metal is used in the anode to achieve high energy density, then the battery capacity increases, but moisture and oxygen permeate into the lithium metal causing corrosion and hydrogen gas generation, which degrades performance rapidly
Solution Approach 1:
The anode is segmented into multiple functional layers: lithium metal layer (for high capacity), protective coating layer (for moisture/oxygen barrier), and current collector layer (for structural support). This segmentation allows each layer to perform its specific function, protecting the lithium metal while maintaining high capacity.
Solution Approach 2:
A protective coating layer is introduced as an intermediary between the lithium metal and the external environment. This coating acts as a mediator that prevents direct contact between moisture/oxygen and lithium metal, thereby preventing corrosion and hydrogen gas generation while allowing the lithium metal to maintain its high capacity function.
2Duration of action of stationary object
If a protective coating is applied to prevent moisture and oxygen permeation, then durability improves, but the battery structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
A thin film protective coating is applied to the lithium metal surface. This thin film provides effective barrier protection against moisture and oxygen permeation, improving durability while adding minimal structural complexity. The thin film nature allows it to conform to the lithium metal surface without requiring complex supporting structures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents moisture and oxygen permeation, improving battery durability and performance by maintaining lithium ion migration while forming a stable SEI layer, thus enhancing the lithium air battery's energy density and cycling characteristics.
Implementation Method 1
a separator containing an electrolyte laminated on the lithium metal; a solid electrolyte laminated on the separator
Implementation Method 2
a sealing part sealing a circumferential side of a laminate in which the current collector, the lithium metal, the separator and the solid electrolyte are laminated
Implementation Method 3
forming a stable SEI layer
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is an anode for a lithium secondary battery capable of improving the performance and the life of a lithium air battery by forming the anode so that lithium metal is sealed, but migration of lithium ions is possible, and thus, preventing corrosion of a lithium metal and the generation of hydrogen gas caused by permeation of moisture and oxygen gas into the anode, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lithium air battery containing the same.