Lithium Battery Composite Anode Cathode Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current lithium batteries face challenges in achieving high energy density and improved lifespan while maintaining high discharging capacity, with existing cathode and anode materials either offering high capacity but poor lifespan or vice versa.
Innovation Solution
A lithium battery design incorporating a cathode with nickel-based lithium transition metal oxide and lithium cobalt oxide, combined with a silicon-based anode, where the nickel-based lithium transition metal oxide has primary particles with an average diameter of 2 μm or greater, and the silicon-based compound is present in amounts ranging from 5 wt% to 25 wt% based on the total weight of graphite and silicon-based compound.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If lithium-alloyable metal (Si, Sn, Al) is used as anode active material to achieve higher electric capacity than carbonaceous material, then electric capacity is improved, but lifespan deteriorates due to poor lifespan characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines graphite (carbonaceous material with excellent lifespan) and silicon-based compound (lithium-alloyable metal with high capacity) in a composite anode structure. This merging allows the anode to achieve high electric capacity from silicon while maintaining good lifespan characteristics from graphite, resolving the contradiction between capacity and lifespan.
Solution Approach 2:
The anode uses a composite material system consisting of graphite and silicon-based compound. This composite approach leverages the complementary strengths of both materials: graphite provides structural stability and long cycle life, while silicon provides high lithium alloying capacity, thus achieving both high capacity and good lifespan.
2Reliability
If LiCoO2 is used as cathode active material to achieve excellent lifespan characteristics, then lifespan is improved, but electric capacity deteriorates due to small electric capacity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges LiCoO2 (excellent lifespan but low capacity) and nickel-based lithium transition metal oxide (lower lifespan but high capacity) in a composite cathode structure. This combination allows the cathode to achieve balanced performance with improved capacity while maintaining acceptable lifespan characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The cathode employs a composite material system of LiCoO2 and nickel-based lithium transition metal oxide. LiCoO2 provides structural stability and long cycle life, while the nickel-based component contributes high capacity, achieving a balance between lifespan and electric capacity.
3Reliability
If graphite is used as anode active material to achieve high stability and low swelling, then lifespan is improved, but electric capacity deteriorates due to small electric capacity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines graphite (high stability, low swelling, good lifespan) with silicon-based compound (high capacity) in a composite anode. This merging allows the anode to achieve high electric capacity from silicon while graphite maintains structural integrity and provides good lifespan, resolving the capacity-lifespan trade-off.
Solution Approach 2:
The anode uses a composite material system of graphite and silicon-based compound where graphite provides structural stability and long cycle life, while silicon provides high lithium alloying capacity. The composite structure enables both high capacity and good lifespan simultaneously.
Data Source
AI summary
A lithium battery including a cathode; an anode; and an electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the anode is disclosed. In the lithium battery, the cathode includes a nickel-based lithium transition metal oxide having primary particles having an average particle diameter of 2 μm or more, and the anode includes graphite and a silicon-based compound.