Lithium Battery Electrolyte Additive for Overcharge Safety
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current lithium battery electrolytes with redox shuttle additives fail to provide sufficient safety against overcharging, especially in high-capacity batteries, leading to thermal runaway and safety issues.
Innovation Solution
A non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and an additive represented by a specific formula that initiates polymerization at high voltages to increase electrode resistance and consume overcharge current, preventing thermal runaway.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the battery capacity is increased to meet high energy density requirements, then energy storage capability is improved, but the risk of thermal runaway increases
Solution Approach 1:
The modified aromatic compound additive acts in advance to prevent overcharging by consuming excess lithium ions through oxidation-reduction reactions before they can cause thermal runaway. This preliminary protective action allows high-capacity batteries to operate safely by preemptively neutralizing harmful overcharge conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potentially harmful overcharge current into a beneficial protective mechanism. The modified additive undergoes oxidation-reduction reactions that consume excess current and generate heat early in the overcharge process, which then triggers separator pore closure to physically block further harmful reactions, thus transforming the harmful overcharge condition into a self-protecting mechanism
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed electrolyte effectively inhibits overcharging and enhances battery safety by coating electrode surfaces and consuming applied currents at high voltages, improving the safety characteristics of lithium batteries.
Implementation Method 1
the polymerization reaction of these redox shuttle additives consumes the overcharge current to improve battery safety
Implementation Method 2
an additive represented by a specific formula that initiates polymerization at high voltages to increase electrode resistance and consume overcharge current
Implementation Method 3
The polymerization reaction of these redox shuttle additives consumes the overcharge current to improve battery safety
Data Source
AI summary
The electrolyte for a lithium battery includes a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and an additive of the following Formula 1:wherein, X and Y are the same or different from each other and selected from O, S, CR2, or NR, where here R is H, a halogen, or an alkyl having a carbon number of less than or equal to 8, or neighboring alkyl groups are combined to each other to form a cycle or hetero cycle, and both X and Y are not oxygen (O),Ra to Rd are the same or different from each other and selected from H, a halogen, an alkoxy group having a carbon number of less than or equal to 8, or an unsaturated or saturated alkyl group having a carbon number of less than or equal to 8, or neighboring alkyl groups are combined to each other to form a cycle or hetero cycle, and at least one of Ra to Rd is a halogen.