Lithium Battery Electrolyte Oxygen Gas Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

Lithium batteries with high driving voltages and large discharge capacities face electrical instability due to gas generation from side reactions during charging and discharging, leading to increased internal pressure and reduced stability.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating cathode active materials that discharge oxygen during charging and discharging, along with an organic electrolyte solution containing specific phosphorus-based compounds (represented by Formulas 1 and 2) that react with oxygen gas, reducing internal pressure by converting it into dissolved compounds.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If cathode active materials with high driving voltages and large discharge capacities are used, then battery performance is improved, but electrical instability increases due to gas generation from side reactions

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedriving voltage and discharge capacityVSAvoidelectrical stability

Core Design Contradiction:

PowerVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an organic electrolyte solution containing phosphorus-based compounds as an intermediary substance that reacts with oxygen gas generated during charging and discharging. This mediator converts harmful oxygen gas into dissolved compounds, preventing gas accumulation while allowing the battery to operate with high-capacity cathode materials.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the harmful oxygen gas generated during side reactions into a beneficial dissolved compound through chemical reaction with phosphorus-based compounds in the electrolyte. This transforms a harmful byproduct into a harmless or even useful substance, maintaining battery stability while enabling high performance.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Quantity of substance

If cathode active materials that discharge oxygen during charging and discharging are used, then discharge capacity is improved, but internal pressure increases due to gas generation

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedischarge capacityVSAvoidinternal pressure

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The phosphorus-based compounds in the organic electrolyte solution serve as intermediaries that chemically react with oxygen gas. This reaction converts gaseous oxygen into dissolved phosphorus-oxygen compounds, effectively removing gas from the battery interior and preventing pressure buildup.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the chemical state of oxygen from gaseous to dissolved form through chemical reaction with phosphorus-based compounds. This parameter change (phase/state transformation) eliminates the volume expansion associated with gas generation, thereby controlling internal pressure while maintaining high discharge capacity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Use of energy by moving object

If oxygen gas is generated during charging and discharging, then electrochemical activity is enhanced, but battery stability decreases due to gas accumulation

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveelectrochemical activityVSAvoidbattery stability

Core Design Contradiction:

Use of energy by moving objectVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful accumulation of oxygen gas into a beneficial dissolved compound through chemical reaction. This maintains the electrochemical activity that generates oxygen while eliminating the stability issues caused by gas accumulation, effectively turning a problem into a solution.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The phosphorus-based compounds act as intermediaries that facilitate the conversion of oxygen gas to dissolved compounds. This intermediary reaction allows the battery to maintain high electrochemical activity while preventing the stability degradation that would result from unmanaged oxygen generation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach significantly reduces internal pressure, enhancing the stability and lifespan of lithium batteries by suppressing oxygen gas generation and preventing battery deterioration.

Implementation Method 1

the organic electrolyte solution comprises: lithium salt; an organic solvent, and at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2... cathode active materials that discharge oxygen during charging and discharging

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectChemical reaction: Chemical Bonding

Data Source

PatentUS8435674B2Lithium battery

Publication Date: 2013.05.07 SAMSUNG SDI CO LTD

AI summary

A lithium battery includes a cathode; an anode; and an organic electrolyte solution. The cathode includes cathode active materials that discharge oxygen during charging and discharging. The organic electrolyte solution includes: lithium salt; an organic solvent, and at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2 below:P(R1)a(OR2)b Formula 1O═P(R1)a(OR2)b. Formula 2R1 is each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl group. R2 is each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl group. a and b are each independently in a range of about 0 to about 3 and a+b=3.