Lithium Battery Pressure Relief Device with Low-Melting Compound
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional lithium battery safety devices cannot prevent explosions caused by high internal temperatures resulting from chemical or electric reactions, and are ineffective against vibrations during transportation, which can loosen components.
Innovation Solution
A high temperature-proof device for lithium batteries featuring a casing with a sealing board and pressure relief module containing a low-melting point compound that melts to release high-temperature gases through exhaust channels, combined with a rubber engagement member to absorb vibrations and prevent component loosening.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional pressure relief device with an annular trench is used, then pressure relief function is achieved, but high-temperature explosion prevention capability is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure relief device is segmented into two distinct functional components: an annular trench for pressure relief and a through-hole for high-temperature gas venting. This segmentation allows each component to specialize in its respective function, with the annular trench handling normal pressure relief and the through-hole providing a dedicated escape route for high-temperature gases that would otherwise cause explosion
Solution Approach 2:
The through-hole acts as an intermediary escape route between the battery interior and exterior, specifically designed to vent high-temperature gases. This intermediary structure provides a controlled path for dangerous high-temperature gases to escape safely, preventing them from accumulating and causing explosion while the annular trench handles routine pressure regulation
2Stability of the object's composition
If rigid engagement members are used to secure components, then structural stability is improved, but vibration resistance during transportation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The engagement member's material parameter is changed from rigid to soft/elastomeric. This parameter change allows the engagement member to deform and absorb vibration energy during transportation, preventing the loosening that would occur with rigid materials, while still maintaining sufficient holding force to secure the sealing board and pressure relief device in place
Solution Approach 2:
The engagement member is made of elastomeric material that combines the properties of flexibility and structural integrity. This composite material approach allows the engagement member to simultaneously provide stable component retention and vibration damping, resolving the contradiction between structural stability and vibration resistance
3Reliability
If a complex sealing structure with multiple components is used, then sealing performance is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The sealing board integrates multiple functions into a single component: it provides sealing between the battery interior and exterior, incorporates the through-hole for high-temperature venting, and includes the pressure relief device with annular trench. This merging of functions into one integrated component achieves reliable sealing performance while reducing the total number of separate parts and simplifying assembly
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively prevents lithium battery explosions and component loosening by safely releasing high-temperature gases and absorbing vibrations, enhancing safety and structural integrity while being simple to assemble and cost-effective.
Implementation Method 1
A low-melting point compound is arranged inside the first exhaust channel
Implementation Method 2
The engagement member is made of a rubber material, which is soft and able to absorb vibration caused by transportation of the lithium battery
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a high temperature-proof device for a lithium battery, which is installed in a casing of a lithium battery. The casing has a sealing board on one face thereof. The sealing board has at least one through-hole where a pressure relief module is installed. The pressure relief module has a top cover protruding from the sealing board. The top cover has at least one exhaust hole and an engagement member arranged inside the top cover. The engagement member has a first exhaust channel. A low-melting point compound is arranged inside the first exhaust channel. The present invention releases the high-temperature gas generated by inappropriate chemical or electric reaction inside a lithium battery. Thus, the present invention can prevent a lithium battery from burning or explosion caused by the high-temperature gas. Therefore, the present invention can effectively promote safety of lithium batteries.