All-solid-state lithium battery sulfide electrolyte H2S prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
All-solid-state lithium secondary batteries using sulfide-based solid electrolytes face the challenge of hydrogen sulfide gas leakage when exposed to water, as existing adsorbents like zeolite, silica gel, and activated carbon lose their adsorptive capacity upon water exposure, failing to prevent gas leakage during accidents like submersion.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a metal salt M-X comprising a metal element 'M' and an anionic part 'X' in the battery case, where the metal cation generated by water dissociation reacts with sulfide ions from the sulfide-based solid electrolyte, forming a stable precipitate that fixes sulfide ions and prevents hydrogen sulfide gas generation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If sulfide-based solid electrolyte materials are used to achieve high ion conductivity, then output current is improved, but hydrogen sulfide gas leakage risk increases when water enters the battery
Solution Approach 1:
A hydrophobic porous coating layer is introduced as an intermediary barrier between the sulfide-based solid electrolyte and water. This coating layer physically blocks water from reaching the sulfide electrolyte, preventing H2S gas generation while allowing ion transport to continue through the electrolyte.
Solution Approach 2:
The hydrophobic porous coating is applied in advance to the sulfide-based solid electrolyte surface before water exposure can occur. This preliminary protective layer prevents water from contacting the electrolyte, thereby preemptively stopping the chemical reaction that would produce hydrogen sulfide gas.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If adsorbents like zeolite, silica gel, or activated carbon are used to absorb hydrogen sulfide gas, then gas leakage is reduced, but adsorptive capacity is lost when the surface is covered by water
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of relying on adsorbents that fail when wet, a hydrophobic porous coating acts as an intermediary barrier that prevents water from reaching the sulfide electrolyte in the first place. This eliminates the need for water-vulnerable adsorbent materials while still achieving H2S prevention.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention converts the hydrophobic property (normally just a surface characteristic) into a functional barrier that actively prevents water intrusion. The porous structure, which could seem disadvantageous, is utilized to create a hydrophobic barrier that benefits from surface tension effects to block water while permitting gas diffusion.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If a hydrophobic porous coating is formed on the sulfide-based solid electrolyte, then water penetration is prevented, but the coating structure must maintain porosity for ion transport
Solution Approach 1:
A porous coating material with inherent hydrophobicity is used to form the protective layer. The porosity allows lithium ion transport through the coating while the hydrophobic surface properties prevent water penetration, achieving both requirements through material selection rather than complex structural design.
Solution Approach 2:
The coating's hydrophobicity parameter is optimized to ensure water repellency while maintaining porosity for ion conduction. By adjusting the hydrophobic character of the porous material, the coating effectively blocks water molecules while permitting smaller lithium ions to pass through the porous network.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively prevents hydrogen sulfide gas leakage into the atmosphere even under submersion conditions, enhancing the safety and reliability of all-solid-state lithium secondary batteries by precipitating the sulfide ions as a stable solid substance that does not dissolve or disperse, thus reducing inhalation risks.
Implementation Method 1
a metal cation of the metal salt M-X generated by disassociation caused with water can react with a sulfide ion generated by a reaction between the sulfide-based solid electrolyte material and the water
Implementation Method 2
metal cation of the metal salt M-X generated by disassociation caused with water
Data Source
AI summary
A main object of the present invention is to provide a safe and highly-reliable all-solid-state lithium secondary battery using a sulfide-based solid electrolyte material which can restrain generation of hydrogen sulfide gas, in case a large amount of water is entered into a battery case by an accident such as submersion associated with a breakage of the container.To attain the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an all-solid-state lithium secondary battery using a sulfide-based solid electrolyte material, characterized in that the battery has a metal salt M-X comprising a metal element “M” and an anionic part “X” in a battery case thereof, and further characterized in that a metal cation of the metal salt M-X generated by disassociation caused with water can react with a sulfide ion generated by a reaction between the sulfide-based solid electrolyte material and the water.