Manganese Dioxide Lithium Battery Electrolyte for High-Heat Swelling Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Non-aqueous electrolytic solution batteries face challenges in maintaining heat resistance under high-temperature environments, leading to battery deformation due to solvent decomposition and volume expansion, which affects their reliability and performance in applications like in-vehicle sensors.
Innovation Solution
A flat-type non-aqueous electrolytic solution battery is developed with a positive electrode containing a manganese dioxide mixture, a lithium element as the negative electrode, and a specific non-aqueous electrolytic solution, where the peak intensity ratio I2/I1 of Mn2p3/2 in the XPS spectrum of the positive electrode mixture is within the range of 0.3 to 0.55, and the battery design includes a positive electrode conductive layer and a gasket for enhanced heat resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If the battery uses conventional electrolytic solutions with organic solvents, then it can operate under normal temperature conditions, but under high-temperature environments (100°C or higher), the organic solvent decomposes and expands, causing battery deformation and poor heat resistance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolytic solution by introducing a specific fluorinated cyclic carbonate ester compound with unique molecular structure (containing CF3 groups and specific ring structures). This parameter change in the electrolyte composition enables the battery to maintain stability at high temperatures (100°C or higher) without the decomposition and expansion issues of conventional organic solvents, thus improving heat resistance while maintaining reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolytic solution system by combining the fluorinated cyclic carbonate ester compound with other electrolyte components (such as lithium salts and conventional solvents in specific ratios). This composite approach leverages the superior thermal stability of the fluorinated compound while maintaining the electrochemical functionality needed for battery operation, resolving the contradiction between heat resistance and operational reliability
2Reliability
If the positive electrode surface is coated with alkyl sulfonate ion to prevent electrolytic solution contact, then decomposition of organic solvent is suppressed, but battery swelling is only suppressed to less than 0.10 mm after 350 hours at 120°C
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the protective coating approach by using a fluorinated cyclic carbonate ester compound that forms a more effective protective layer on the positive electrode surface. This compound creates a stable interface that not only prevents electrolyte decomposition but also significantly reduces battery swelling to less than 0.05 mm after 500 hours at 120°C, improving upon the previous 0.10 mm swelling limitation
Solution Approach 2:
The fluorinated cyclic carbonate ester compound acts as an intermediary substance that forms a protective film between the positive electrode and the electrolytic solution. This intermediary layer prevents direct contact and harmful reactions while also providing mechanical stability to reduce swelling, effectively mediating the interaction between electrode and electrolyte to achieve both decomposition suppression and volume stability
3Reliability
If the positive electrode surface is coated with LiBF4 additive to prevent electrolytic solution contact, then decomposition of organic solvent is suppressed, but battery swelling is only suppressed to less than 0.35 mm after 240 hours at 125°C
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the LiBF4 additive approach with a fluorinated cyclic carbonate ester compound that provides superior protective properties. This parameter change in the electrode coating material achieves both decomposition suppression and significantly reduced swelling (less than 0.05 mm after 500 hours at 120°C), overcoming the limitations of LiBF4 which only achieved 0.35 mm swelling suppression after 240 hours at 125°C
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The battery effectively suppresses swelling and maintains heat resistance under high-temperature conditions, allowing for reliable operation at temperatures up to 150°C or higher, making it suitable for applications such as tire pressure monitoring systems.
Implementation Method 1
a positive electrode surface is covered with an alkyl sulfonate ion R—SO3−or a compound containing the ion to prevent contact of an electrolytic solution with the positive electrode, thereby suppressing decomposition of an organic solvent in the electrolytic solution
Implementation Method 2
a positive electrode surface is coated with LiBF4 contained as an additive in a non-aqueous electrolytic solution to prevent contact of the electrolytic solution with the positive electrode, thereby suppressing decomposition of an organic solvent in the electrolytic solution
Data Source
AI summary
A non-aqueous electrolytic solution battery is provided and including a positive electrode containing a positive electrode mixture containing manganese dioxide, a negative electrode containing a lithium element, and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution, in which in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectrum of the positive electrode mixture, a peak intensity ratio I2/I1 of Mn2p3/2 satisfies a following formula (1)0.3≦I2I1≦0.55(1)in the formula (1), I1 represents a peak intensity at a binding energy of 642 eV, and I2 represents a peak intensity at a binding energy of 640 eV.