Lithium Metal Cell Anode Structure for Lightweight Coulombic Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Cells using a deposition-dissolution reaction of metallic lithium as an anode reaction face challenges in achieving high Coulombic efficiency while reducing cell weight, particularly due to the lower electron conductive properties of resin current collectors compared to metal current collectors.
Innovation Solution
The use of a resin anode current collector combined with a first metal layer containing magnesium (Mg) and silver (Ag) between the anode current collector and the electrolyte layer, which improves electron conductivity and allows for alloying with lithium, thereby enhancing Coulombic efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Weight of moving object
If a resin current collector is used as an anode current collector, then the cell weight can be reduced, but the Coulombic efficiency may be reduced due to lower electron conductive properties
Solution Approach 1:
The invention uses a composite structure combining resin and metal materials. The anode current collector consists of a resin base material with metal particles dispersed throughout it, creating a composite material that leverages the lightweight property of resin and the high conductivity of metal. This resolves the contradiction by achieving both weight reduction and maintained conductivity through material composition rather than single-material selection.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies local quality by concentrating metal particles specifically at the electron conduction pathways and interfaces where conductivity is critical, while maintaining resin as the bulk material for weight reduction. The metal particles are strategically distributed to provide conductivity enhancement exactly where needed, rather than uniformly throughout the entire current collector structure.
2Use of energy by moving object
If a resin current collector is used as an anode current collector, then the energy density per weight can be improved, but the electron conductive properties are lower than metal current collectors
Solution Approach 1:
The composite structure of resin with dispersed metal particles enables the current collector to achieve both low weight (improving energy density per weight) and adequate conductivity (maintaining electron transport capability). The resin matrix provides lightweight structure while metal particles provide conductive pathways, resolving the contradiction between energy density and conductivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the physical and chemical parameters of the current collector by controlling the size, shape, distribution, and concentration of metal particles within the resin matrix. By optimizing these parameters, the material achieves a balance between weight reduction and conductivity maintenance, enabling improved energy density per weight without sacrificing electron transport properties.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration allows for a high Coulombic efficiency while reducing cell weight, as the resin current collector decreases the overall weight and the first metal layer enhances conductivity and lithium storage capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
the first metal layer containing either or both of magnesium (Mg) and silver (Ag)... since resin current collectors have lower electron conductive properties than metal current collectors, the use of resin current collectors may reduce the Coulombic efficiency
Implementation Method 2
a deposition-dissolution reaction of metallic lithium as an anode reaction... the first metal layer containing either or both of magnesium (Mg) and silver (Ag)... the first metal layer may contain Li
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a cell using a deposition-dissolution reaction of metallic lithium as an anode reaction. The cell includes: a cathode including a cathode current collector and a cathode active material layer; an anode including at least an anode current collector; and an electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode and the anode. The anode current collector is a resin current collector. The anode includes a first metal layer between the anode current collector and the electrolyte layer, the first metal layer containing either or both of Mg and Ag.