Lithium Primary Battery Electrolyte Gas Suppression
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium primary batteries face issues with internal resistance increase and capacity reduction due to gas generation during storage, particularly when using oxalate borate complex components, which can lead to swelling and leakage, and existing solutions struggle to balance gas suppression with maintaining discharge capacity.
Innovation Solution
A non-aqueous electrolyte for lithium primary batteries containing an oxalate borate complex component and a cyclic imide component, with specific concentration and ratio conditions, to form a surface film that maintains lithium ion conductivity and suppresses gas generation and capacity reduction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an oxalate borate complex component is used in the non-aqueous electrolyte to improve lithium ion conductivity and battery performance, then the discharge capacity is improved, but gas generation becomes remarkable during storage causing swelling and leakage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the concentration of the oxalate borate complex component (0.1-5.5 mass%) and the cyclic imide component (0.1-1.0 mass%), and by setting their mass ratio within 0.02-10. This optimization of chemical composition parameters suppresses gas generation during storage while maintaining sufficient lithium ion conductivity and discharge capacity, resolving the contradiction between performance and stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite electrolyte system combining the oxalate borate complex component and the cyclic imide component in specific proportions. This composite approach leverages the complementary properties of both components: the oxalate borate complex provides lithium ion conductivity, while the cyclic imide suppresses gas generation. The synergistic interaction between these two components resolves the contradiction by achieving both high discharge capacity and low gas generation during storage.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If an additive is used to suppress gas generation during storage, then the swelling and leakage are prevented, but the discharge capacity is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the concentration of the cyclic imide component (0.1-1.0 mass%) to achieve the minimum effective amount for gas suppression. By controlling this parameter within a narrow range and combining it with the oxalate borate complex component at 0.1-5.5 mass%, the patent suppresses gas generation during storage while maintaining adequate discharge capacity. This precise parameter control prevents the discharge capacity reduction that would occur with higher additive concentrations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte where the oxalate borate complex component (0.1-5.5 mass%) provides lithium ion conductivity and the cyclic imide component (0.1-1.0 mass%) suppresses gas generation. Their synergistic interaction at optimized ratios (mass ratio 0.02-10) achieves both gas suppression and maintained discharge capacity, overcoming the trade-off inherent in using additives alone.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The described electrolyte composition effectively suppresses gas generation and capacity reduction during storage, even at high temperatures, achieving a synergistic effect that outperforms electrolytes with either component alone, ensuring stable battery performance.
Implementation Method 1
form a surface film that maintains lithium ion conductivity and suppresses gas generation
Implementation Method 2
maintains lithium ion conductivity
Data Source
AI summary
A lithium primary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode contains a positive electrode material mixture including LixMnO2 where 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05. The negative electrode contains at least one of metal lithium and a lithium alloy. The non-aqueous electrolyte contains an oxalate borate complex component and a cyclic imide component. In the non-aqueous electrolyte, the concentration of the oxalate borate complex component is 5.5 mass% or less, and the concentration of the cyclic imide component is 1 mass% or less. The mass ratio of the cyclic imide component to the oxalate borate complex component contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte is 0.02 or more and 10 or less.