Non-Aqueous Lithium Battery Electrolyte for PF5 and HF Scavenging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium secondary batteries degrade under high-temperature conditions due to electrolyte decomposition products like PF5 and HF, leading to film destruction, transition metal dissolution, and internal short circuits, which reduce performance and stability.
Innovation Solution
Incorporation of an imidazolium sulfonate-based compound represented by Formula 1 in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution to scavenge Lewis acids and form strengthened films on electrodes, enhancing high-temperature stability and reducing self-discharge.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If lithium secondary battery is operated under high-temperature conditions, then battery performance and stability deteriorate due to electrolyte decomposition, but using conventional electrolyte formulations cannot prevent decomposition products like PF5 and HF from destroying electrode films and dissolving transition metals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a sulfur compound that reacts with harmful decomposition products (PF5, HF) to convert them into beneficial substances. The sulfur compound acts as a scavenger that transforms toxic electrolyte decomposition products into harmless or beneficial species, thereby preventing electrode film destruction and transition metal dissolution while improving high-temperature battery stability
Solution Approach 2:
The sulfur compound serves as an intermediary substance between the electrolyte decomposition products and the electrode components. It mediates the harmful interactions by preferentially reacting with PF5 and HF, forming a protective interface that prevents these decomposition products from directly attacking the electrode films and dissolving transition metals
2Reliability
If electrolyte decomposition continues on destroyed films, then battery performance further degrades, but no effective mechanism exists to stop the decomposition cycle
Solution Approach 1:
The sulfur compound performs preliminary anti-action by proactively scavenging electrolyte decomposition products before they can cause extensive damage. By introducing this protective mechanism at the beginning of high-temperature operation, the compound prevents the initiation of the destructive decomposition cycle, thereby extending battery life and maintaining performance
Solution Approach 2:
The sulfur compound enables a self-service protective mechanism where the electrolyte system itself neutralizes its own decomposition products. The sulfur compound remains in the electrolyte and continuously reacts with PF5 and HF as they form, creating a self-regulating system that automatically prevents film destruction and performance degradation without external intervention
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The compound improves lithium secondary battery performance by scavenging decomposition products, forming durable films, and preventing film destruction, thereby maintaining stability and reducing resistance at high temperatures.
Implementation Method 1
a nitrogen atom of a cationic part in a structure of a compound represented by Formula 1, which is included as an additive in a non-aqueous electrolyte solution according to the present disclosure, may act as a Lewis base to effectively scavenge a Lewis acid generated as an electrolyte decomposition product
Implementation Method 2
a film on a positive electrode or negative electrode may be strengthened by a sulfonate (—RSO3−) and a propargyl group (—CH2C═CH)
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery, which includes a lithium salt, an organic solvent, and a compound represented by Formula 1, and a lithium secondary battery including the same;wherein all the variables are described herein.