Lithium Halide Anode Assembly for Solid-State Dendrite Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
The growth of lithium dendrites during charging and discharging processes in all-solid-state batteries using lithium as an anode active material leads to short circuits and reduced battery capacity, posing significant challenges for commercialization.
Innovation Solution
An anode assembly comprising a first layer of lithium halide, a second layer of amorphous carbon, and an anode current collector, with specific thickness and composition ratios, which prevents direct contact between the lithium layer and the solid electrolyte, thereby suppressing dendrite growth.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If lithium is used as the anode active material to increase energy density, then the energy density of the all-solid-state battery is improved, but lithium dendrites grow through gaps in the solid electrolyte layer during charging and discharging, leading to short circuits and reduced battery capacity
Solution Approach 1:
A lithium halide layer is introduced as an intermediary between the lithium anode active material and the solid electrolyte layer. This intermediate layer prevents direct contact and dendrite penetration while maintaining ionic conductivity, thus resolving the contradiction between high energy density and battery stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The anode assembly uses a composite structure combining lithium halide with amorphous carbon and lithiophilic materials. This composite approach enhances both the protective function against dendrites and the ionic conductivity, allowing simultaneous achievement of high energy density and reliability.
2Reliability
If a lithium halide layer is introduced to prevent dendrite growth, then battery stability is improved, but the device structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The lithium halide layer is applied locally only at the anode interface where dendrite formation occurs, rather than throughout the entire battery structure. This localized approach provides the necessary protection while minimizing overall structural complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The lithium halide layer is implemented as a thin film structure that provides effective dendrite protection without adding significant structural complexity or thickness to the battery assembly.
3Reliability
If the first layer thickness is increased to improve dendrite suppression, then battery stability is improved, but the thickness ratio between layers changes and may affect ionic conductivity
Solution Approach 1:
The thickness of the lithium halide layer is optimized within a specific range (10-990 nm) to achieve the right balance between dendrite suppression and ionic conductivity. This parameter optimization allows the layer to be thick enough to prevent dendrites while remaining thin enough to maintain ion transport efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides an all-solid-state battery with high charge/discharge efficiency and capacity retention rate, exceeding 90% after 50 cycles, enhancing the battery's performance and stability.
Implementation Method 1
a first layer comprising a lithium halide, LiX, where X is a halogen element... which prevents direct contact between the lithium layer and the solid electrolyte, thereby suppressing dendrite growth
Implementation Method 2
a second layer comprising amorphous carbon... providing excellent charge/discharge efficiency and capacity retention rate
Data Source
AI summary
An anode assembly, an all-solid-state battery including the same, and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The anode assembly comprises a first layer comprising a lithium halide, LiX, where X is a halogen element; a second layer comprising amorphous carbon; and an anode current collector. The anode assembly provides excellent charging/discharging efficiency and capacity retention rate of the all-solid-state battery.