Lithium-ion Battery Controller Reducing Charging Loss
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Solution Overview
Problem
The restriction of charging current in lithium-ion secondary batteries to prevent lithium deposition leads to increased charging loss, as it limits the charging process, especially when regenerative electric power is available.
Innovation Solution
A controller that allows lithium expected to dissolve after charging to deposit on the anode, relaxing the charging current restriction while ensuring it does not become inactivated, by setting a permissible charging current level that permits lithium deposition during a specific permission period and dissolves it during a pause period.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the charging current is restricted to prevent lithium deposition, then lithium deposition is prevented, but charging loss increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the charging current restriction variable rather than fixed. The controller dynamically adjusts the charging current based on real-time battery state (SOC, temperature, charging history) to optimize between preventing lithium deposition and minimizing charging loss. This resolves the contradiction by adapting the restriction level to actual battery conditions rather than applying a static limit.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes multiple parameters including SOC thresholds, temperature ranges, and charging current limits based on battery state. By adjusting these parameters dynamically, the system allows higher charging currents when conditions permit (reducing charging loss) while maintaining prevention of lithium deposition when risks are present, thus resolving the contradiction between reliability and energy loss.
2Loss of energy
If the charging current is increased to reduce charging loss, then charging efficiency improves, but lithium deposition occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback control by continuously monitoring battery state (SOC, temperature, charging current) and adjusting the charging current restriction accordingly. The controller uses feedback from battery sensors to dynamically modify charging parameters, allowing higher currents when safe and reducing them when lithium deposition risk increases, thus resolving the contradiction between charging efficiency and preventing harmful deposition.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary action by predicting lithium deposition risk based on current battery state and charging history before actual deposition occurs. The controller proactively adjusts charging current restrictions based on predicted risk levels, preventing harmful factors while maximizing charging efficiency. This anticipatory approach resolves the contradiction by acting before the harmful effect manifests.
3Reliability
If the charging current is restricted to prevent lithium deposition, then battery performance is maintained, but charging time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes charging current restriction dynamic based on battery state, allowing higher currents when battery performance is stable and reducing them when deposition risk increases. This dynamic adjustment optimizes charging speed while maintaining battery performance, resolving the contradiction between reliability and charging time by adapting to real-time conditions rather than applying fixed restrictions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes charging parameters (current limits, SOC thresholds, temperature ranges) based on battery state to optimize charging time while maintaining performance. By adjusting these parameters dynamically, the system allows faster charging when safe and slows down only when necessary to prevent deposition, thus resolving the contradiction between performance maintenance and charging time reduction.
4Loss of energy
If the charging current is increased to prolong charging time, then charging loss reduces, but lithium deposition risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses feedback control to continuously monitor battery state and adjust charging current accordingly. When battery conditions indicate low risk of deposition, the controller allows higher charging currents to reduce charging loss. When risk indicators increase, the controller reduces current to maintain reliability. This feedback mechanism resolves the contradiction by balancing energy loss and performance based on real-time conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes charging parameters dynamically based on battery state, allowing higher currents when safe to reduce charging loss while maintaining performance. By adjusting SOC thresholds, temperature ranges, and current limits based on real-time measurements, the system optimizes the balance between energy efficiency and reliability, resolving the contradiction through parameter adaptation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces charging loss while preventing battery performance deterioration due to lithium deposition, allowing for more efficient charging and prolonged charging time.
Implementation Method 1
Lithium is inserted in the anode active material during charging, and is removed from the anode active material during discharging
Implementation Method 2
lithium expected to dissolve after a stop of charging is permitted to deposit on the anode
Data Source
AI summary
A controller for controlling a charging current to a lithium-ion secondary battery controls the charging current so that lithium expected to dissolve after a stop of charging is permitted to deposit on an anode of the lithium-ion secondary battery. For example, the controller controls the charging current so that the charging current does not exceed a predetermined upper limit value. If a predetermined permission condition is satisfied, the controller permits the lithium expected to dissolve after the stop of charging to deposit on the anode of the lithium-ion secondary battery by permitting the upper limit value to become larger than a Li deposition limit value in a predetermined permission period.