Li-Ion Battery Electrode Design for High Input Output
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion batteries used in applications like electric cars require improved input/output characteristics for enhanced energy utilization efficiency, but existing batteries do not meet these requirements.
Innovation Solution
A lithium ion battery design featuring a negative electrode with a state of charge of 60% or more at 0.1 V relative to lithium potential and a positive electrode containing a composite metal oxide with a layered lithium nickel manganese cobalt composite oxide and spinel lithium manganese oxide, with a specific mass ratio of 10/90 to 65/35, to achieve high input/output characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a lithium ion battery uses conventional electrode materials and compositions, then the battery structure is simple and manufacturing is easier, but the input characteristics and energy utilization efficiency are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite materials by combining layered lithium nickel manganese cobalt composite oxide (NMC) and spinel lithium manganese oxide (sp-Mn) in a specific mass ratio (10/90 to 65/35) to create a positive electrode with superior input characteristics and energy utilization efficiency compared to conventional single-material electrodes
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the compositional parameters of the positive electrode by controlling the mass ratio of NMC to sp-Mn within a specific range (10/90 to 65/35), and adjusting the density of the positive electrode composite to 2.4 to 2.7 g/cm³, thereby optimizing input characteristics while managing complexity
2Quantity of substance
If the positive electrode density is increased to improve energy density, then the energy storage capacity increases, but the input characteristics and charge acceptance may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the density of the positive electrode composite to a specific range (2.4 to 2.7 g/cm³) to achieve the best balance between energy density and input characteristics, preventing both excessive density that would harm charge acceptance and insufficient density that would reduce energy storage
Solution Approach 2:
The combination of layered NMC and spinel sp-Mn in a controlled mass ratio creates a composite structure that maintains high energy density while preserving good input characteristics, as the two materials complement each other's properties
3Quantity of substance
If the negative electrode capacity is increased relative to the positive electrode to improve overall battery capacity, then the battery capacity increases, but the capacity ratio balance is disrupted and performance optimization becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent controls the capacity ratio between positive and negative electrodes to be within 0.95 to 1.05, ensuring optimal balance for high charge-discharge efficiency and energy utilization while achieving the desired battery capacity through the optimized positive electrode composition
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The battery exhibits excellent high input/output characteristics, ensuring efficient energy utilization, longer life, and safety while maintaining high energy density.
Implementation Method 1
a positive electrode containing lithium-containing composite metal oxide... a negative electrode in which a state of charge at a potential to be 0.1 V with respect to a lithium potential is 60% or more
Implementation Method 2
a separator, and a nonaqueous electrolyte; a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate which are wound with the separator interposed therebetween
Data Source
AI summary
A lithium ion battery includes: a negative electrode in which a state of charge at a potential to be 0.1 V with respect to a lithium potential is 60% or more; and a positive electrode containing a lithium-containing composite metal oxide, and a capacity ratio of the positive electrode and the negative electrode (negative electrode capacity/positive electrode capacity) is 1 or more and less than 1.2. In the lithium ion battery described above, the lithium-containing composite metal oxide contains layered lithium nickel manganese cobalt composite oxide (NMC) and spinel lithium manganese oxide (sp-Mn).