Lithium Ion Capacitor Additive for Anode Doping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional lithium ion capacitors face challenges in controlling lithium doping on the anode, leading to safety issues, high process costs, and slow doping rates due to the use of metal lithium, which limits their universalization and energy density.
Innovation Solution
A lithium ion capacitor additive represented by Li6-xCoyM11-yO4-zAz, with a particle size of 10 to 50 μm and an anti-fluorite structure, is used to electrochemically dope lithium onto the anode without a pre-doping process, improving energy density and safety by forming a cathode active material with carbon-based materials and optimizing cobalt and oxygen peak intensities in XPS.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If metal lithium is laminated onto the electrode and injected into electrolytic solution for pre-doping, then lithium doping capacity is improved, but safety issues arise due to lithium metal generation and short circuiting between anode and metal lithium
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a lithium compound (such as lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, or lithium oxide) as an intermediary substance to replace direct metal lithium contact. This intermediary provides lithium ions through electrochemical reactions in the electrolyte, eliminating the need for direct metal lithium-lithium anode contact that causes short circuits and safety issues, while still achieving the required lithium doping capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical lamination method (physically pressing metal lithium onto the electrode) with an electrochemical doping method. Instead of forcing lithium metal into contact with the anode through mechanical means, lithium ions are transported through the electrolyte and inserted into the anode structure through electrochemical reactions, eliminating short circuiting and safety hazards associated with metal lithium handling
2Quantity of substance
If conventional electrochemical doping process is used with metal lithium, then lithium doping is achieved, but process costs increase due to slow doping rate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the doping system by using lithium compounds with different electrochemical properties than metal lithium. The selected lithium compounds (hydroxide, carbonate, oxide) have higher solubility and reactivity in the electrolyte, which accelerates the lithium ion release rate and subsequent insertion into the anode, thereby increasing the doping rate while maintaining controlled doping amounts
3Use of energy by moving object
If pre-doping process using metal lithium is performed, then high energy density is achieved, but device complexity increases due to additional processing steps
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the pre-doping step with the initial cell formation process. By using lithium compounds that dissolve and release lithium ions directly in the electrolyte during normal cell activation, the separate pre-doping operation is eliminated. The lithium doping occurs concurrently with the cell's first charge cycle, reducing process complexity while achieving the necessary lithium content for high energy density
Solution Approach 2:
The lithium compound added to the electrolyte serves dual functions: it acts as both the lithium source for anode doping and as part of the electrolyte system itself. The compound automatically releases lithium ions through electrochemical reactions during cell operation, eliminating the need for external pre-doping equipment and procedures, thereby simplifying the overall manufacturing process
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables efficient electrochemical doping of lithium onto the anode, enhancing energy density, improving charge-discharge efficiency, and eliminating safety risks associated with metal lithium, thereby facilitating the widespread adoption of lithium ion capacitors with improved performance and safety.
Implementation Method 1
a new lithium ion capacitor additive which is added to a carbon-based material applied as a cathode active material for a lithium ion capacitor such that the new lithium ion capacitor additive is capable of improving capacity and energy density by electrochemically doping a lithium ion onto an anode
Implementation Method 2
a lithium ion capacitor among hybrid super capacitors using a carbon-based material that is capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions as an anode active material
Implementation Method 3
a non-electrochemical reaction in which the ions are physically adsorbed or desorbed occurs in a cathode, and an electrochemical reaction in which lithium ions are electrochemically inserted into or extracted from a graphite layer structure occurs in an anode
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a high power energy storage device additive and a lithium ion capacitor including the same, and more particularly, to: a preparation method of a new lithium ion capacitor additive which is added to a carbon-based material applied as a cathode active material of a lithium ion capacitor such that the new lithium ion capacitor additive is capable of improving capacity and energy density by electrochemically doping a lithium ion onto an anode; the lithium ion capacitor additive prepared thereby; and the lithium ion capacitor including the lithium ion capacitor additive.The lithium ion capacitor additive according to the present invention can release 3 mols or more of lithium ions even at a low voltage of 4.4 V or less, and the lithium ion capacitor including the lithium ion capacitor additive according to the present invention can electrochemically dope lithium onto the anode even without performing a pre-doping process using lithium metal as in the conventional lithium ion capacitor.