Lithium Ion Capacitor Power Storage System Voltage Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power storage systems with lithium ion capacitors face challenges in rapidly increasing output voltage to restart load devices after a power generation element resumes operation, leading to repeated operation stops and starts due to voltage fluctuations, especially when the capacitance is high, resulting in prolonged downtime.
Innovation Solution
A power storage system comprising a lithium ion capacitor with a low leakage current as the first storage battery and a smaller capacitance second storage battery connected in series, with a switching unit controlling the charging voltage thresholds to rapidly increase the charging voltage and ensure stable operation of load devices.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of stationary object
If a lithium ion capacitor with large capacitance (40 F or more) is used as the storage battery, then the leakage current is reduced and power can be maintained for extended periods, but the output voltage cannot be rapidly increased when recharging, causing prolonged downtime for load device operation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the storage battery system into two segments: a first lithium ion capacitor (40 F or more) for long-term power maintenance and a second capacitor (smaller capacitance) for rapid voltage increase. This segmentation allows each component to specialize in its strength while working together to resolve the contradiction between power maintenance duration and voltage increase speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The second capacitor acts as an intermediary component between the power generation element and the first lithium ion capacitor. It temporarily stores charge and provides a rapid voltage boost when needed, mediating between the slow charging characteristics of the large capacitance first capacitor and the rapid power delivery requirements of the load device.
2Loss of time
If the hysteresis voltage of the threshold voltage is decreased to shorten the time for system operation return, then the response time is reduced, but the operation becomes unstable due to repeated stopping from slight voltage changes
Solution Approach 1:
The second capacitor serves as a voltage buffer that stabilizes the system output voltage. By absorbing and releasing charge rapidly, it prevents slight voltage fluctuations from causing repeated operation stops, thereby maintaining operational stability even with reduced hysteresis voltage thresholds.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the voltage threshold parameters by introducing two different thresholds: a first threshold voltage for determining when to switch to series connection and a second threshold voltage for switching back to parallel connection. This parameter change allows the system to maintain stability while responding quickly to voltage changes.
3Speed
If the operation of the load device returns immediately after the charging voltage exceeds 2.5 V during recharging, then the system responds quickly, but the operation start and stop repeat due to power consumption, causing the system to become non-functional
Solution Approach 1:
The second capacitor performs preliminary action by rapidly charging to a high voltage state before the first lithium ion capacitor completes its charging cycle. This preliminary voltage boost ensures the load device can start operation immediately without waiting for the slow-charging first capacitor to reach sufficient voltage, while preventing repeated stop-start cycles.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic switching between parallel and series connections based on real-time voltage conditions. The switching unit dynamically adjusts the circuit configuration to maintain stable operation, allowing the system to adapt to changing voltage conditions and prevent repeated operation stops.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enables load devices to return to operation quickly by rapidly increasing the charging voltage to the required threshold, reducing downtime and stabilizing power supply, while the lithium ion capacitor maintains power for extended periods without wasteful consumption.
Implementation Method 1
a first storage battery that receives power generated by the power generation element and supplies the power to a load device
Implementation Method 2
a switching unit that controls the opened and closed states of the first switcher, compares a charging voltage of the first storage battery with a predetermined first threshold voltage
Data Source
AI summary
A power storage system includes a power generation element that performs environmental power generation, a first storage battery that receives power generated by the power generation element and supplies the power to a load device, a second storage battery that has a capacitance smaller than that of the first storage battery and is connected in series with the first storage battery, a first switcher that is connected in parallel to the second storage battery, short-circuits both terminals of the second storage battery in a closed state, and releases a short-circuited state of the second storage battery in an open state, and a switching unit that controls the opened and closed states of the first switcher.