Transition-Metal Lithium Oxide Cathode With Fluorinated Salt Electrolyte
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional lithium-ion batteries exhibit poor cycle characteristics due to the poor electron conductivity and instability of lithium oxide and lithium peroxide, leading to decomposition and inefficient redox reactions.
Innovation Solution
A battery design incorporating a lithium oxide with a dissolved transition metal forming a solid solution, an antifluorite crystal structure, and an electrolyte solution containing two or more fluorine-containing lithium salts, enhancing electron and ion conductivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If lithium oxide and lithium peroxide are used as positive electrode active materials, then high theoretical capacity is achieved, but poor electron conductivity and large overpotential occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of lithium oxide by dissolving transition metals (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mn) into its crystal structure to form solid solutions. This modifies the electronic structure and conductivity parameters of the material, transforming it from a poor conductor to a material with sufficient electron conductivity for practical battery application while maintaining the high capacity redox reaction between Li2O and Li2O2.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite materials by incorporating transition metal atoms into the lithium oxide crystal lattice, forming a solid solution composite. This composite structure combines the high theoretical capacity of lithium oxide with the beneficial electronic properties of transition metals, achieving both high capacity and acceptable conductivity simultaneously.
2Quantity of substance
If lithium oxide and lithium peroxide are used as positive electrode active materials, then high theoretical capacity is achieved, but large overpotential occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the electrochemical parameters of lithium oxide by incorporating transition metals, which change the reaction kinetics and reduce the energy barrier for electron transfer. This lowers the overpotential during charging and discharging processes, making the high-capacity redox reaction more efficient and practical.
3Device complexity
If conventional lithium oxide is used, then simple composition is maintained, but poor cycle characteristics occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops composite lithium oxide materials with transition metals dissolved in the crystal structure. These composite materials exhibit improved cycle characteristics due to enhanced structural stability and reduced decomposition, while maintaining relatively simple solid solution structures that are easier to synthesize than complex multi-phase composites.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The battery achieves improved cycle characteristics and increased energy density by stabilizing the redox reaction and reducing charging voltage, while maintaining high discharge capacity.
Implementation Method 1
a lithium oxide in which a transition metal is dissolved to form a solid solution
Implementation Method 2
a redox reaction between lithium oxide (Li 2 O) and lithium peroxide (Li 2 O 2 ) can be applied to a secondary battery
Implementation Method 3
the electrolyte solution includes two or more fluorine-containing lithium salts
Data Source
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AI summary
A battery 100 of the present disclosure includes a positive electrode 23, a negative electrode 26, a separator 27, and an electrolyte solution 29. The positive electrode 23 includes, as a positive electrode active material, a lithium oxide in which a transition metal is dissolved to form a solid solution, the lithium oxide having an antifluorite crystal structure. The electrolyte solution 29 includes two or more fluorine-containing lithium salts. The two or more fluorine-containing lithium salts may include a first lithium salt and a second lithium salt, and the first lithium salt may include at least one selected from the group consisting of fluorinated lithium borate and fluorinated lithium phosphate.