Lithium Phosphate Solid Electrolyte for Stable All-Solid Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing lithium-ion batteries face inefficiencies due to unstable electrolytes and cathode materials, leading to internal resistances, lithium precipitation, and reduced performance, especially in high-temperature and high-power cycling conditions.
Innovation Solution
A method for manufacturing all-solid thin-film lithium-ion batteries using electrophoresis to deposit anode, cathode, and electrolyte layers from materials like Li1+xMx(PO4)3 and Li3+y(Sc2-xMx)QyP3-yO12, which are stable with electrodes and resistant to lithium precipitation, combined with heat treatment and mechanical compression to enhance battery performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If lithiated phosphate electrolytes are used, then stability in contact with atmosphere and high potential is improved, but stability in contact with lithium anodes deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by substituting metal ions (M = Al, Ga, Sc, Y) and adjusting stoichiometric ratios (1 ≤ x ≤ 2, 1 ≤ y ≤ 3) to achieve both atmospheric stability and anode compatibility. This compositional optimization prevents reduction reactions at the anode interface while maintaining phosphate stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite electrolyte materials combining lithium phosphate with various metal ions (Al, Ga, Sc, Y) to create a multi-component system that leverages the stability of phosphate structures while incorporating metal ions that resist reduction at anode potentials, thus achieving both atmospheric and anode stability simultaneously.
2Stability of the object's composition
If sulphide-based electrolytes are used, then stability over wide potential range is improved, but resistance to charge transfer at interfaces with electrodes worsens
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrolyte composition from sulphide-based to lithiated phosphate-based materials with specific metal ion substitutions, fundamentally altering the chemical properties to reduce interface resistance while maintaining wide potential stability. The phosphate structure provides better interfacial compatibility with electrodes.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If ionic conductive glasses like LiPON or lithium borate are used, then ionic conduction is improved, but resistance to heat treatment and atmospheric contact worsens
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrolyte composition to lithiated phosphates with elevated melting points and enhanced thermal stability, allowing the material to withstand heat treatment processes without crystallization while maintaining ionic conductivity through optimized metal ion substitution and stoichiometric ratios.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method results in batteries with improved stability, reduced internal resistance, and extended lifespan, capable of withstanding high temperatures and maintaining performance during high-power cycling without lithium precipitation, ensuring safe and efficient lithium ion storage.
Implementation Method 1
A method for manufacturing all-solid thin-film lithium-ion batteries using electrophoresis to deposit anode, cathode, and electrolyte layers
Implementation Method 2
combined with heat treatment and mechanical compression to enhance battery performance
Implementation Method 3
combined with heat treatment and mechanical compression to enhance battery performance
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing an all-solid thin-film battery including the following consecutive steps: a) depositing a layer including at least one anode material on the conductive substrate thereof; b) depositing a layer including at least one cathode material on the conductive substrate thereof; c) depositing on the layer obtained in step a) and/or b) a layer including at least one solid electrolyte material selected among: Li3(Sc2-xMx)(P04)3 wherein M = Al or Y and 0 ≤ x ≤ 1; or Li1+xMx(Sc)2-x(P04)3 wherein M = Al, Y, Ga or a mixture of the three compounds and 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8; or Li1+xMx(Ga1-yScy)2-x(P04)3 wherein 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8; 0 ≤ y ≤ 1 and M = Al or Y; or a mixture of the two compounds; or Li1+xMx(Ga)2-x(P04)3 wherein M = Al, Y or a mixture of the two compounds and 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8; or Li3+y(Sc2-xMxQyP3-yO12, wherein M = Al and/or Y and Q = Si and/or Se, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 1; or Li1+x+yMxSc2-xQyP3-yO12, wherein M = Al, Y, Ga or a mixture of the three compounds and Q = Si and/or Se, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 1; or Li1+x+y+zMx(Gai-yScy)2-xQzP3-zOi2 wherein 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8; 0 < y < 1; 0 ≤ z ≤ 0.6 wherein M = Al or Y or a mixture of the two compounds and Q= Si and/or Se; Li1+xNxM2-xP3012, wherein 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 and N = Cr and/or V, M = Se, Sn, Zr, Hf, Se or Si, or a mixture of these compounds; d) consecutively stacking, face-to-face: either a layer of anode material coated with a layer of electrolyte material obtained in step c) with a layer of cathode material optionally coated with a layer of solid electrolyte material obtained in step c), or a layer of cathode material coated with a layer of electrolyte material obtained in step c) with a layer of anode material optionally coated with a layer of solid electrolyte material obtained in step c); and e) thermally treating and/or a mechanically compressing the stack obtained in step d) in order to obtain an all-solid thin-film battery.