Lithium Plating Detection via Negative Electrode Voltage Estimation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for detecting lithium plating in rechargeable batteries suffer from inaccuracies due to variations in the material and location of the reference electrode, leading to poor detection accuracy.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that utilize open-circuit voltage, negative electrode open-circuit voltage, and polarization proportion to determine lithium plating, eliminating the need for a reference electrode by using parameters like state of charge, terminal voltage, and polarization proportion, which can be easily obtained and deployed in existing battery management systems without additional hardware.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a reference electrode is used to measure the electrical potential of the negative electrode, then lithium plating detection can be performed, but the accuracy of detection is poor due to variations in reference electrode material and location
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the reference electrode from the detection system. Instead of measuring the negative electrode potential relative to a reference electrode, the method calculates the negative electrode potential through voltage decomposition of the terminal voltage, removing the source of measurement error entirely
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a virtual reference potential through calculation rather than using a physical reference electrode. By decomposing the terminal voltage into positive and negative electrode polarization voltages and open-circuit voltages, a virtual negative electrode potential is constructed that achieves accurate detection without physical reference electrode limitations
2Measurement precision
If additional sensors and hardware are added to improve detection accuracy, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity and hardware costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables the battery management system to perform self-diagnosis using only the terminal voltage sensor that already exists in the system. The method decomposes the terminal voltage to calculate negative electrode potential, allowing the system to detect lithium plating using its own existing measurements without external assistance or additional hardware
Solution Approach 2:
The patent makes the existing terminal voltage sensor serve multiple functions: it provides both the terminal voltage for basic battery monitoring and the data foundation for calculating negative electrode potential and detecting lithium plating. This multi-functional use eliminates the need for separate detection hardware
Data Source
AI summary
Example methods and apparatuses for detecting lithium plating and obtaining a polarization proportion are provided. One example method includes obtaining an open-circuit voltage of a rechargeable battery and a negative electrode open-circuit voltage of the rechargeable battery based on a state of charge of the rechargeable battery. A negative electrode polarization voltage of the rechargeable battery is obtained based on the open-circuit voltage, a terminal voltage of the rechargeable battery, and a polarization proportion of the rechargeable battery. A negative electrode voltage of the rechargeable battery is obtained based on the negative electrode open-circuit voltage and the negative electrode polarization voltage. It is determined, based on the negative electrode voltage, whether lithium plating occurs in the rechargeable battery.