Lithium Titanium Oxide Anode with Phosphate Coating
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion secondary batteries face challenges with high irreversible reactions and low charging-discharging rates due to the use of carbonaceous materials, and lithium titanium oxide (Li4Ti5O12) offers limited capacity and stability, necessitating a material with improved ion and electron conductivity for enhanced performance.
Innovation Solution
A composite anode active material is developed by incorporating lithium titanium oxide particles with phosphates on their surface, including Li3PO4, which improves ion and electron conductivity, and is prepared through a method involving a lithium source, titanium source, and phosphate anion source mixing followed by thermal treatment, enhancing charging-discharging rates.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If carbonaceous materials are used as anode active material, then high capacity is achieved, but high irreversible reactions occur during charging and discharging cycles
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite material consisting of lithium titanium oxide core particles coated with a phosphate layer. This composite structure combines the high capacity advantage of carbonaceous materials with the stability and low irreversible reaction characteristics of lithium titanium oxide, while the phosphate coating further enhances ion conductivity and structural stability during cycling.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the surface properties of lithium titanium oxide by coating it with phosphate, which changes the surface chemistry and improves ion conductivity. This parameter change at the surface level allows the material to maintain high capacity while reducing irreversible reactions during charging and discharging cycles.
2Productivity
If lithium titanium oxide is used as anode active material, then high charging and discharging rate is achieved, but capacity is limited to half of graphite
Solution Approach 1:
The composite structure of lithium titanium oxide with phosphate coating optimizes the balance between charging/discharging rate and capacity. The phosphate layer enhances ion conductivity, enabling faster rates, while the overall composite structure maintains sufficient capacity for practical applications.
3Stability of the object's composition
If lithium titanium oxide is used as anode active material, then high stability is achieved, but capacity per volume is similar to carbonaceous materials with lower theoretical density
Solution Approach 1:
The phosphate coating on lithium titanium oxide particles modifies the surface properties to enhance ion conductivity and structural stability. This parameter change at the surface level allows the material to maintain high stability while improving the effective capacity utilization, partially compensating for the lower theoretical density.
4Reliability
If phosphate coating is applied on lithium titanium oxide particles, then ion and electron conductivity is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The phosphate coating is applied during the synthesis process of lithium titanium oxide particles, rather than as a separate post-treatment step. This preliminary action integrates the coating formation into the main manufacturing process, reducing overall manufacturing complexity while still achieving the desired ion and electron conductivity improvements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite anode active material exhibits improved charging-discharging rate characteristics, increased cycle stability, and thermal load capacity, leading to higher operational reliability and efficiency in lithium batteries.
Implementation Method 1
Lithium batteries such as lithium ion secondary batteries, may be manufactured using materials for a cathode and an anode that allow intercalation or deintercalation of lithium ions
Implementation Method 2
Lithium batteries such as lithium ion secondary batteries, may be manufactured using materials for a cathode and an anode that allow intercalation or deintercalation of lithium ions
Implementation Method 3
Lithium ion secondary batteries generate electrical energy through oxidation and reduction reactions that take place during intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions
Implementation Method 4
Lithium ion secondary batteries generate electrical energy through oxidation and reduction reactions that take place during intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions
Implementation Method 5
A composite anode active material is developed by incorporating lithium titanium oxide particles with phosphates on their surface, including Li3PO4, which improves ion and electron conductivity, and is prepared through a method involving a lithium source, titanium source, and phosphate anion source mixing followed by thermal treatment
Data Source
AI summary
In an aspect, a composite anode active material including a lithium titanium oxide; and phosphates, a method of preparing the composite anode active material, and a lithium battery including the composite anode active material is provided.