Live Cell Interferometry for Tumor Immune Response Prediction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing immunotherapies for cancer treatment vary in efficacy due to factors like inefficient tumor cell antigen presentation and immune cell responsiveness, necessitating a method to predict the effectiveness of individualized immunotherapy before treatment.
Innovation Solution
Live cell interferometry (LCI) analysis of tumor and immune cells to determine their mass and interaction, predicting immune response status as 'hot' or 'cold' based on mass differences, facilitating tailored treatment strategies.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If individualized immunotherapy is tailored to target patient-specific and tumor-specific neoepitopes, then the effectiveness of treatment should be enhanced, but the effectiveness varies unexpectedly due to factors like inefficient tumor cell antigen presentation and immune cell responsiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing LCI analysis on tumor cells and immune competent cells before administering immunotherapeutic treatment. This pre-treatment assessment determines the immune status (hot or cold) to predict whether the patient will respond effectively to therapy, allowing for treatment selection or modification before it is administered.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback by using LCI measurements of cell mass changes as a predictive indicator of treatment response. The system provides feedback about the likely effectiveness of immunotherapy based on the measured mass differences between tumor cells and immune cells, enabling clinicians to adjust treatment strategies accordingly.
2Reliability
If tumor cells are treated with immunotherapeutic agents, then immune response should be elicited, but treatment effectiveness varies due to tumor microenvironment factors like checkpoint inhibitory signaling and suppressive cell populations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs LCI analysis before treatment to assess the immune status of the tumor microenvironment. By measuring cell mass of immune cells and tumor cells in advance, the system identifies whether the tumor is in a 'hot' or 'cold' state, predicting whether the tumor microenvironment will support effective immune response or contain suppressive factors.
3Productivity
If live cell interferometry is used to measure cell mass of tumor and immune cells, then rapid prediction of immune response is enabled, but the method requires sophisticated equipment and analysis capabilities
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical and biochemical assays with optical measurement techniques. LCI uses optical interference to measure cell mass, substituting traditional mechanical or chemical analysis methods with a non-invasive optical system that provides rapid quantitative data on cell properties.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a simplified optical representation of cell mass through interferometric measurement. Instead of directly analyzing complex cellular structures, the system measures the optical properties (interference patterns) that correspond to cell mass, providing a proxy measurement that is easier and faster to obtain.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid prediction of immune response to tumors, allowing for immediate adjustment of treatment plans and potentially avoiding harmful chemotherapy.
Implementation Method 1
Live cell interferometry (LCI) detects the live cells and provides rapid and real-time quantification of cell mass in cells
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods for predicting an immune response against a tumor in a patient having the tumor are provided. The relative mass or changes of mass of tumor cells or immune cell in the tumor can be ex vivo observed, and an immune status of the tumor can be determined based on the mass of tumor cells or immune cell. The immune status can provide a guidance to predict the immune response against the tumor in the patient.