Live Migration via Parallel Instance Execution

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing live migration techniques face challenges such as downtime in pre-copying and performance degradation due to network faults in post-copying, particularly in highly time-critical processing scenarios, and often require a shared data-store which is not suitable for all cases.

Innovation Solution

The solution involves parallel execution of application instances on both the source and destination hosts, with a network controller managing external access and a migration layer tracking memory accesses, allowing read and write calls to be made in parallel, ensuring faithful execution and minimizing network faults by transferring data only when necessary.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If pre-copying is used for live migration, then data is transferred before migration, but downtime occurs during the stop and copy phase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata transfer completenessVSAvoiddowntime during migration
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary data transfer by having the destination host read memory blocks from the source host before migration. The destination host proactively fetches data that will be needed, so when the actual migration occurs, the data is already available locally, eliminating downtime.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent maintains continuous data processing during migration by allowing the destination host to continue reading and processing memory blocks even while they are being transferred from the source host. This overlapping of transfer and processing operations eliminates idle time and maintains continuous useful action.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

2Loss of time

If post-copying is used for live migration, then the application is suspended and minimal state is transferred, but network faults occur when accessing transferred memory pages

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemigration timeVSAvoidapplication performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary data transfer by having the destination host read memory blocks from the source host before migration. This pre-fetching of data ensures that when the application resumes execution at the destination, the required data is already available locally, preventing network faults during operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a migration layer that acts as an intermediary between the application and the memory system. This migration layer handles the complexity of data transfer and fault management, shielding the application from network faults by managing the data availability transparently.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If traditional live migration is used, then memory is transferred from source to destination, but network resources are heavily utilized and memory gets 'dirtyed' during transfer

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemigration completionVSAvoidnetwork resource usage
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transfers only the necessary memory blocks that the destination host actually needs, rather than transferring all memory. The destination host selectively reads only the required blocks from the source, reducing unnecessary network traffic and avoiding the transfer of already-synchronized or non-critical data.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The destination host performs self-service by proactively reading and caching the memory blocks it needs from the source host. Instead of passively receiving all memory transfers, the destination host independently identifies and fetches only the necessary data, reducing network load and improving efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP3311272B1A method of live migration
Publication Date: 2023.04.12 TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL)
  • EP3311272B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3311272B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3311272B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method of migrating of an application from a source host to a destination host, wherein the application is associated with a plurality of memory pages, the source host comprises a first instance of the application and a source memory region, and each memory page has an associated source memory block in the source memory region, the method comprising: at the destination host, reserving (18) a destination memory region such that each memory page has an associated destination memory block in the destination memory region, (19) a second instance of the application at the destination host; on receipt of an input (20) to the application, processing (22, 23) the input in parallel at the first and second instances at respective source and destination hosts: at the source host, if the processing requires a read or a write call to a memory page, respectively reading (24) from or writing (25) to the associated source memory block; the destination host, if the processing requires a write call to a memory page, writing (28) to the associated destination memory block and if the processing requires a read call to a memory page, sending the read call to the source host requesting that the source host read (26) the memory page from the associated source memory block and provide the memory page to the destination host, and, on receipt of the memory page by the destination host, writing (27) the memory page to the associated destination memory block.