LLM Product Categorization for Accurate Leaf-Node Classification

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing systems fail to accurately categorize items, leading to users missing relevant listings due to mischaracterization, such as listing brake pads for a BMW as a steering component.

Innovation Solution

A machine learning model trained with key:value pairs and hierarchical nodal structures categorizes items using deep learning algorithms, including ChatGPT and neural networks, to accurately match items to their correct categories.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If a simple categorization system is used, then the system is easy to operate, but the categorization accuracy deteriorates leading to mischaracterization of items

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of categorizationVSAvoidcategorization accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary processing layer between the simple categorization system and the final classification result. This intermediary uses natural language processing and semantic analysis to bridge the gap between simple input data and accurate categorization, thereby maintaining ease of operation while improving categorization accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameters of the categorization system by incorporating multiple attributes and dimensions beyond basic item description. It uses semantic similarity scores, contextual information, and hierarchical category structures to transform the categorization process from a simple matching system to a multi-parameter evaluation system that achieves high accuracy without compromising ease of use.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Device complexity

If traditional categorization methods are used, then the system complexity is low, but the search accuracy deteriorates causing relevant listings to be missed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem complexityVSAvoidsearch accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent adds another dimension to the categorization process by incorporating semantic analysis and natural language processing layers. Instead of relying solely on traditional keyword matching, the system evaluates items based on their semantic meaning, contextual relevance, and hierarchical category relationships, thereby improving search accuracy without significantly increasing system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical categorization methods (rule-based classification) with intelligent systems using machine learning and natural language processing. This substitution enables the system to understand item descriptions semantically, leading to more accurate categorization and search results while maintaining reasonable system complexity through efficient algorithm design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Ease of manufacture

If basic item attributes are used for categorization, then the data processing is simple, but the categorization precision deteriorates leading to misclassification

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata processing simplicityVSAvoidcategorization precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-processing item descriptions to extract meaningful features and semantic information before categorization. It uses pre-trained language models and semantic embeddings to transform raw text data into structured representations that capture essential item characteristics, thereby improving categorization precision without significantly complicating the overall data processing workflow.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a composite approach by combining multiple types of data processing techniques: traditional keyword extraction, semantic analysis, contextual understanding, and hierarchical classification. This composite methodology integrates different processing strategies to achieve high categorization precision while maintaining reasonable simplicity in data processing through modular architecture design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Data Source

PatentUS12596740B2Inferring right leaf-category for a product using LLM
Publication Date: 2026.04.07 EBAY INC
  • US12596740B2 patent drawing
  • US12596740B2 patent drawing
  • US12596740B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A categorization method is provided. Training data is received that relates to assigning a first category to a first item using first item data. The first category is based on a first node and a first sub-node associated with the first node. A machine learning model is trained to categorize the first item using the first item data. Second item data associated with a second item is received. A second category is assigned to the second item with the second item data using a machine learning model trained with the training data. The second category is based on a second node and a second sub-node associated with the second node. Additional training data is iteratively received over time to train the machine learning model over time. The additional training data relates to assigning a third category to a third item using third item data associated with the third item.