Load-Side Gyrator Circuit for VRM Transient Response
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current voltage regulator modules face challenges in achieving fast transient response and efficient power processing due to high current stress and output voltage deviation during loading and unloading events, with existing solutions either increasing input filter complexity or requiring additional sensors.
Innovation Solution
A hybrid voltage regulator module that combines a buck converter with a load-side resonant switched-capacitor auxiliary circuit, using a control mechanism to aggregate and transfer charge based on output voltage thresholds, reducing current stress and input/output filter burdens, and operating autonomously with voltage sensing alone.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of time
If time-optimal control is used to achieve fast transient response, then transient response time is reduced, but current stress beyond steady-state value increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the current compensation function by introducing an auxiliary converter that operates independently from the main converter. The auxiliary converter handles the transient current compensation separately, allowing the main converter to operate at steady-state current levels. This segmentation enables fast transient response without subjecting the main converter to excessive current stress.
Solution Approach 2:
The auxiliary converter acts as an intermediary element between the load and the main converter. It mediates the transient current demands by providing or absorbing current during transient events, thereby protecting the main converter from high current stress while maintaining fast transient response performance.
2Speed
If auxiliary converter is added to increase inductor's slew-rate for fast transient response, then transient response is improved, but input filter complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent moves the auxiliary converter to the output side of the main converter, changing the spatial dimension of where transient compensation occurs. By placing the auxiliary converter at the output rather than the input, the solution increases inductor slew-rate without requiring additional input filter components, thus avoiding input filter complexity while achieving fast transient response.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If independent energy bank is used to eliminate input impact, then input filter impact is reduced, but additional sensors are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback control mechanism where the auxiliary converter's operation is regulated based on voltage error signals from the main converter's control loop. This feedback approach eliminates the need for additional sensors by utilizing the existing voltage sensing infrastructure, while still achieving independent energy management that reduces input filter impact.
Solution Approach 2:
The auxiliary converter is designed to serve multiple functions: it provides transient current compensation, maintains output voltage regulation, and interfaces with the existing control infrastructure. By making the auxiliary converter universal in its functionality and compatible with existing sensors and control circuits, the solution reduces input filter impact without requiring additional sensors.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The hybrid solution achieves reduced transient times and improved efficiency by mimicking increased capacitance during transients, minimizing current stress and output voltage deviation, while maintaining simplicity and cost-effectiveness.
Implementation Method 1
load-side auxiliary gyrator circuit
Implementation Method 2
resonant switched-capacitor auxiliary circuit
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention introduces a new compact Voltage Regulator Module (VRM) solution that hybrids a buck converter with a resonant switched-capacitor auxiliary circuit that is connected at the load side. By using a new control concept of the present invention, the auxiliary circuit effectively mimics increased capacitance during loading and unloading transient events, reducing the burden on both the input and output filters, and reduces the current stress.