Methods and compositions for delivery of carbon dioxide
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for delivering carbon dioxide as a mixture of solid and gaseous forms from liquid carbon dioxide lack precision and reproducibility, especially at low doses and under intermittent conditions, often resulting in significant waste and inefficiency.
Innovation Solution
A system comprising a first conduit made of materials like braided stainless steel, which transports liquid carbon dioxide to an orifice where it is converted to a mixture of solid and gaseous carbon dioxide, followed by a second conduit with a smooth bore to maintain the desired ratio, and optionally a third conduit to slow the flow and cause clumping, allowing for precise and reproducible dosing without insulation or significant gas venting.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If a snow horn is used to deliver carbon dioxide, then a relatively large dose of carbon dioxide can be delivered, but precise or reproducible dosing cannot be achieved, especially at low doses and under intermittent conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the physical parameters of the delivery system by using a long, smooth-bore conduit (at least 30 feet long with inner diameter 0.5-0.75 inches) to transport the CO2 mixture. This specific configuration allows the mixture to remain stable and maintain its solid/gas ratio over distance, enabling precise dosing control that was not achievable with traditional snow horn equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces the mechanical snow horn device with a conduit-based delivery system. Instead of using a snow horn to directly discharge CO2, the system uses a long conduit to transport the CO2 mixture from the generation point to the delivery point, substituting the mechanical discharge mechanism with a passive transport mechanism that maintains dosing precision.
2Temperature
If liquid carbon dioxide is transported through insulated conduit, then temperature maintenance is improved, but the system complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention ensures continuous liquid phase transport of CO2 through the conduit by maintaining appropriate flow conditions and conduit dimensions. The long conduit (at least 30 feet) is designed with specific diameter ratios and smooth bore characteristics that prevent premature phase change, allowing continuous delivery without insulation while maintaining temperature control through fluid dynamics.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses a relatively long conduit (at least 30 feet, preferably 50-100 feet) to provide sufficient transport distance without insulation. The excessive length compensates for the lack of insulation by maintaining flow velocity and pressure that prevent heat transfer-induced phase changes, eliminating the need for complex insulation systems.
3Measurement precision
If the conduit length is increased to improve dosing precision, then delivery time increases, but efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses dynamic flow control to maintain efficient delivery through the long conduit. By optimizing the inner diameter (0.5-0.75 inches) and maintaining appropriate pressure gradients, the system achieves high flow velocities that compensate for the long conduit length (at least 30 feet), delivering precise doses in under 60 seconds despite the extended transport distance.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses pneumatic principles to transport the CO2 mixture through the long conduit. The system maintains pressure differentials that drive rapid flow through the 30+ foot conduit, with the smooth bore design minimizing friction losses. This pneumatic transport mechanism achieves both precision (through controlled pressure and flow) and speed (through high velocity), resolving the time-precision tradeoff.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves precise and reproducible dosing of carbon dioxide with a high solid/gas ratio, minimizing waste and maintaining efficiency even at low doses and intermittent delivery, with a coefficient of variation of less than 10% and delivery times under 60 seconds, suitable for applications like concrete mixing.
Implementation Method 1
the pressure drop through the orifice and the configuration of the orifice are such that solid and gaseous carbon dioxide are produced as the carbon dioxide exits the orifice
Implementation Method 2
solid and gaseous carbon dioxide are produced as the carbon dioxide exits the orifice
Implementation Method 3
transporting the solid and gaseous carbon dioxide through a second conduit
Data Source
AI summary
Provided herein are methods, apparatus, and systems for delivering carbon dioxide as a mixture of solid and gaseous carbon dioxide to a destination.