Long-Wave Radiometer Calibration Using Virtual Standard
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current calibration methods for long-wave radiometers rely heavily on standard radiometers, requiring extensive resources, manpower, and transportation, disrupting measurement continuity and incurring high costs.
Innovation Solution
A calibration method and system that uses station measurement data, such as meteorological parameters and CO2 flux, along with an energy balance principle to determine a calibration coefficient for long-wave radiometers, allowing on-site calibration and reducing reliance on standard radiometers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a standard long-wave radiometer is used for calibration, then measurement precision can be ensured, but device complexity and resource requirements increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a virtual copy of the standard radiometer by using numerical modeling and radiative transfer equations to simulate the response of a standard instrument. This virtual standard radiometer is calibrated against known atmospheric conditions and measurement models, then used to generate calibration coefficients for field instruments without requiring physical transport to national laboratories.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the physical mechanical system of transporting and comparing physical radiometers with a computational system. Instead of physically moving the standard radiometer to the field station, the invention uses atmospheric radiative transfer modeling, numerical simulations, and data processing algorithms to perform calibration remotely, substituting computational processes for physical measurement comparison.
2Measurement precision
If a standard long-wave radiometer is transported for calibration, then calibration accuracy is maintained, but loss of time and productivity decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary calibration by pre-calculating the response characteristics of the standard radiometer under various atmospheric conditions through numerical modeling. The virtual standard radiometer is prepared in advance with known transfer functions and calibration curves, allowing field instruments to be calibrated immediately using pre-computed reference data without waiting for physical standard instrument availability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables continuous calibration operations by maintaining a computational model that can generate calibration coefficients on-demand. Instead of periodic interruptions for physical standard radiometer transport, the system provides continuous calibration capability through atmospheric parameter input and automated computation, ensuring uninterrupted measurement operations at field stations.
3Measurement precision
If a standard long-wave radiometer is used for calibration, then measurement precision is ensured, but loss of substance and resource consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates the need for physical standard radiometer transport by creating a virtual copy through numerical modeling. This virtual instrument replicates the measurement characteristics of the physical standard without requiring its physical presence, thereby eliminating fuel consumption, transportation costs, and logistical resources associated with moving sensitive calibration equipment between national laboratories and field stations.
4Measurement precision
If measurement work is interrupted for calibration, then calibration can be performed, but productivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables the field radiometer to perform self-calibration by using its own measurement data combined with atmospheric parameters (temperature, humidity, pressure, CO2 concentration) as input to the calibration model. The instrument calculates its own calibration coefficients using the virtual standard radiometer approach, eliminating the need for external calibration services and allowing continuous autonomous operation without interrupting measurement productivity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables continuous measurement operations, conserves resources and transportation costs, and improves calibration efficiency by using locally obtained data to calculate reliable calibration coefficients.
Implementation Method 1
a long-wave radiation calculation model... are determined based on station measurement data... and an energy balance principle (i.e., radiation energy balance principle)
Implementation Method 2
an energy balance principle (i.e., radiation energy balance principle)
Data Source
AI summary
A calibration method and a system for long-wave radiometers are provided, which relate to the field of calibration technologies for long-wave radiometers, and the method includes: obtaining, by using long-wave radiation values at a top of atmosphere (TOA) as a standard, data of meteorological parameters and carbon dioxide (CO2) flux measured at a target station; determining a target energy action state for expressing physical, chemical and biological processes involved in radiation transmission and interaction between the data and radiation based on change rules of radiation, the meteorological parameters and the CO2 flux and interrelation of them; obtaining a calibration coefficient based on the target energy action state and values and value ranges of temperature and humidity, ground water vapor pressure and the CO2 flux to calibrate the long-wave radiometer; the calibration work can be performed at the station during routine measurement, and a continuity of the measurement can be ensured.