Loop and Linear Antenna Elements for Circular Polarization Reception
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing satellite radio antennas are inefficient for receiving circularly polarized signals from geostationary satellites at low elevation angles due to their design limitations, particularly in terms of construction height and antenna gain, which is problematic for mobile applications and signals from geostationary satellites.
Innovation Solution
A satellite radio antenna design featuring a loop antenna with interruptions bridged by capacitors and an additional linearly polarized antenna element, connected through a matching and phase shifter network, allowing for superimposition of radiation fields at different phases to achieve circular polarization, enabling efficient reception of circularly polarized signals at low elevation angles.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional satellite radio antennas are used for receiving circularly polarized signals from geostationary satellites, then the antenna structure is simple, but the reception efficiency and antenna gain are insufficient at low elevation angles
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines a loop antenna element and a linear antenna element into a single integrated antenna structure. The loop antenna element (with capacitive gaps) and linear antenna element are positioned adjacent to each other and electrically connected through a feed network, creating a composite antenna that achieves circular polarization and improved gain at low elevation angles while maintaining practical structural simplicity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a feed network with phase shifters that can dynamically adjust the phase relationship between the loop antenna element and linear antenna element. This dynamic phase control enables the antenna to maintain optimal circular polarization characteristics and reception efficiency across different elevation angles, particularly improving performance for geostationary satellites at low elevation angles
2Reliability
If antennas with high antenna gain for low elevation angles are designed, then reception efficiency improves, but the construction height increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a planar or low-profile structure where the loop antenna element and linear antenna element are arranged in essentially the same plane or adjacent planes with minimal vertical separation. This thin-film-like configuration achieves high antenna gain at low elevation angles through the combined radiation pattern of the two elements without requiring increased construction height, making it suitable for mobile applications
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from traditional vertical monopole structures to a planar configuration where the loop and linear elements are arranged horizontally adjacent to each other. This dimensional change allows the antenna to achieve improved low-elevation-angle gain through the horizontal radiation pattern characteristics of the combined elements while maintaining a low vertical profile
3Reliability
If circularly polarized antennas are used for satellite reception, then signal reception from high-flying satellites is efficient, but reception of geostationary satellite signals at low elevation angles remains problematic
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal antenna structure that can efficiently receive circularly polarized signals from both high-flying satellites and geostationary satellites at low elevation angles. The combination of loop and linear antenna elements with phase-controlled feeding provides multi-functional capability, adapting to different satellite types and elevation angles through the synergistic radiation pattern of the combined elements
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the polarization and radiation parameters by combining two different antenna element types (loop and linear) with complementary radiation characteristics. The phase shifter network adjusts the phase relationship between elements to optimize the combined radiation pattern for circular polarization at various elevation angles, enabling the antenna to maintain high reception efficiency across different satellite configurations
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The antenna achieves improved reception efficiency and gain for circularly polarized signals at low elevation angles, allowing for effective use in mobile applications and simultaneous reception of signals from geostationary and high-flying satellites, with reduced construction height and enhanced compatibility with other antenna structures.
Implementation Method 1
The loop antenna for its electrically effective shortening, has at least one interruption bridged by a capacitor
Implementation Method 2
the radiation fields of the loop antenna and of the at least one additional antenna element are superimposed with different phases in the far field of the antenna
Implementation Method 3
with circularly polarized electromagnetic waves
Implementation Method 4
connected by way of an matching and phase shifter network wherein one of the antenna elements is formed as a loop antenna
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna for reception of satellite radio signals emitted circularly in the direction of rotation of polarization has a conductive base surface, an antenna connection point, an antenna element connection point and at least two antenna elements. The first antenna is a conductor loop disposed parallel to the base surface. The loop antenna has capacitors disposed along the conductor loop. The antenna connection point is coupled to an interruption of the loop antenna. This connection point feeds a ring current into the loop antenna. At least one additional antenna element extends between the antenna element connection point and the loop antenna. The additional antenna element has a polarization orientated perpendicular to the polarization of the loop antenna and an orthogonal phase in the far field.