Antenna Array Configuration for High-Frequency LOS MIMO
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Solution Overview
Problem
In high-frequency LOS scenarios, small antenna arrays in wireless communication systems struggle to support multi-stream transmission required by MIMO technology due to limited performance improvement from increasing the number of transceiving units or antennas, leading to hardware cost and complexity issues, and limited spectral efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A receiving device and transmitting device that determine the intensity of the LOS channel component, adjust the antenna array configuration based on position and attitude information, and configure the beams to optimize performance, allowing for flexible adjustment of the antenna array to suit LOS scenarios, thereby enhancing spectral efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the number of transceiving units or antennas is increased to improve spectral efficiency, then the multi-stream transmission capability is improved, but the hardware cost and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the operating parameters by using high-frequency carriers (e.g., millimeter wave bands) and adjusting antenna array configurations (element spacing, geometry) to exploit LOS channel characteristics. This allows achieving multi-stream transmission capability without proportionally increasing hardware complexity, as the high-frequency parameters enable better spatial separation and channel rank improvement.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from conventional antenna array designs to specialized geometries (e.g., uniform planar arrays, concentric circular arrays, tetrahedral arrays) that exploit three-dimensional spatial dimensions. This dimensional approach improves channel rank and spectral efficiency by creating better spatial diversity without simply adding more antennas linearly.
2Productivity
If the number of transceiving units or antennas is increased to support multi-stream transmission, then the MIMO performance is improved, but the transmit power limitation and condition number issue worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes physical parameters including antenna element spacing (e.g., half-wavelength or larger separations), array geometry, and operating frequency to improve channel condition numbers. These parameter adjustments enable better spatial separation of signal paths, reducing inter-stream interference and improving power efficiency without requiring excessive transmit power.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs dynamic beamforming and adaptive antenna configuration that can adjust to channel conditions in real-time. This dynamic approach optimizes the use of available transmit power by directing energy along the strongest LOS paths and adapting the effective channel rank based on current spatial conditions.
3Device complexity
If a small antenna array is used in high-frequency LOS scenarios, then the hardware complexity is reduced, but the LOS channel can only transmit one stream of signals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs three-dimensional antenna array geometries (planar arrays, concentric circular arrays, tetrahedral configurations) that exploit spatial dimensions to create multiple independent signal paths. This dimensional approach enables a relatively small number of antennas to support multi-stream transmission by creating sufficient spatial separation and channel rank, avoiding the need for large-scale antenna arrays.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes key parameters including antenna element spacing (using larger separations such as half-wavelength or more), operating frequency (high-frequency/millimeter wave bands), and array geometry to improve the channel condition number. These parameter changes enable small antenna arrays to achieve better spectral efficiency and support multi-stream transmission in LOS scenarios.
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a receiving device and a transmitting device. The receiving device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure includes: a transceiving unit, configured to receive multiple un-precoded data streams sent through a plurality of antenna ports in a transmitting device; and a control unit, configured to determine an equivalent digital baseband channel matrix for a respective one of the plurality of antenna ports based on information on the intensity of a line of sight (LOS) channel component, and demodulate the multiple data streams according to the equivalent digital baseband channel matrix. The transmitting device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure includes: a control unit, configured to determine multiple un-precoded data streams for a receiving device; and a transceiving unit, including a plurality of antenna ports, respective ones of the plurality of antenna ports being configured to send the multiple data streams.