Lossless High Framerate Image Compression via Localized Frame Deltas
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Solution Overview
Problem
Standard image compression algorithms are unable to handle high-resolution and high-framerate data from threat detection systems effectively, particularly degrading small point source signals which are crucial for threat detection, and require high bandwidth and power, making them expensive and inefficient.
Innovation Solution
A data compression system that calculates localized frame deltas with a variable length lookback into temporal frame history, encoding these deltas to achieve lossless compression at high framerates and resolutions, thereby maintaining threat warning performance by achieving 4:1 or 5:1 compression ratios below the noise floor.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of information
If standard image compression algorithms are used, then data can be compressed, but small point source signals are degraded which reduces threat detection reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the image into multiple subframes and processes each subframe independently with localized frame deltas. This segmentation allows the algorithm to focus on local changes rather than global compression, preserving small point source signals that would otherwise be degraded by standard compression algorithms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by using localized frame deltas that compute differences only within specific regions (subframes) rather than across the entire image. This local processing approach maintains the integrity of small point source signals in each region while achieving compression, directly addressing the signal degradation issue.
2Productivity
If higher bandwidth optical A-kits are implemented to handle high resolution and high framerate data, then data rate increases, but system cost and power consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic action by using frame deltas that compare current frames with previous frames at regular intervals. This periodic comparison approach allows the system to transmit only the changes (deltas) rather than full frames, significantly reducing the data rate and associated power consumption while maintaining high framerate capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the compression approach based on the characteristics of the imagery. By changing from transmitting full frames to transmitting only delta differences, the system reduces data rate and power consumption while maintaining the ability to handle high resolution and high framerate data.
3Device complexity
If frame deltas are encoded with fixed lookback, then processing is simpler, but compression efficiency decreases for temporary obstructions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by implementing a variable length lookback mechanism that adapts to the content of each subframe. Instead of using a fixed lookback depth, the algorithm dynamically adjusts the lookback length based on the presence of temporary obstructions and other local characteristics, optimizing compression efficiency without excessive complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements preliminary action by performing localized frame delta calculations for each subframe before final encoding. This preliminary processing step prepares the data in a format that enables more efficient compression by capturing local changes early, which then facilitates better compression ratios when combined with the variable lookback approach.
Data Source
AI summary
A system for lossless compression of high frame rate imagery includes at least one non-transitory computer readable storage medium having instructions encoded thereon that, when executed by at least one processor, implement operations to compress high frame rate imagery in a lossless manner, the at least one non-transitory computer readable storage medium including: logic to encode frame deltas to decrease pixel dynamic range; logic to localize frame deltas; and logic to encode subframes with lookback history to further decrease pixel dynamic range for temporary obstructions.