Low-Ash Lubricant Composition for Gasoline Particulate Filter Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current lubricant compositions face challenges in reducing ash content while maintaining long drainage properties, particularly in direct injection gasoline engines equipped with gasoline particulate filters, which can lead to filter clogging and catalyst activity degradation.
Innovation Solution
A lubricant composition combining specific calcium-based and ashless detergents, with adjusted calcium and nitrogen atom contents, and a specific mass ratio, to achieve reduced ash content and improved long drainage properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If ash content of the lubricant composition is reduced to prevent filter clogging and catalyst deactivation, then exhaust gas treatment equipment reliability is improved, but long drainage property deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by specifying a particular calcium-based detergent (B) with controlled base number (5.00-100 mgKOH/g) and combining it with a specific ashless detergent (C) containing diethanolamine compound. The calcium atom content is precisely controlled at 100-600 ppm and nitrogen atom content at 150-1700 ppm, achieving both low ash content (0.60% by mass or less) and excellent long drainage property through optimized parameter combinations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite detergent system by combining calcium-based detergent (B) and ashless detergent (C) in specific proportions. This composite approach allows the lubricant to simultaneously achieve low ash content (protecting exhaust gas treatment equipment) and high initial base number (ensuring long drainage property), resolving the technical contradiction between these two requirements.
2Reliability
If calcium-based detergent is used to maintain long drainage property, then initial base number is improved, but ash content increases causing filter clogging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the traditional high-ash calcium-based detergent into a low-ash alternative by precisely controlling the calcium atom content at 100-600 ppm and specifying a base number range of 5.00-100 mgKOH/g. This parameter optimization allows the calcium-based detergent to contribute to long drainage property while generating minimal ash that could clog filters.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by using two different detergent types with complementary characteristics: calcium-based detergent (B) provides high initial base number for long drainage property, while ashless detergent (C) suppresses ash formation. Each detergent performs its specific function locally, and their combination achieves both low ash content and excellent drainage properties.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If ashless detergent is used to reduce ash content, then filter clogging is prevented, but initial base number decreases affecting long drainage property
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges calcium-based detergent (B) and ashless detergent (C) into a unified detergent system. The calcium-based detergent contributes high initial base number while the ashless detergent suppresses ash formation. Their synergistic combination achieves both low ash content (preventing filter clogging) and high initial base number (ensuring long drainage property), resolving the contradiction between these two requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the nitrogen atom content of the ashless detergent (C) at 150-1700 ppm and controls the mass ratio between detergents (B) and (C) to be 1:4 to 4:1. This parameter optimization allows the ashless detergent to effectively reduce ash content while maintaining sufficient initial base number through proper proportioning with calcium-based detergent.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a lubricant composition containing: a base oil (A); at least one kind of calcium-based detergent (B) selected from (B1) calcium sulfonate having a base number of 5.00 mgKOH/g or more and 100 mgKOH/g or less, (B2) calcium salicylate having a branched acyclic hydrocarbon group, and (B3) overbased calcium phenate having a branched acyclic hydrocarbon group; and at least one kind of ashless detergent (C) selected from (C1) a hindered amine compound having one piperidine-derived backbone in a molecule, and (C2) a specific diethanolamine compound. In the lubricant composition, the calcium atom content is 100 ppm by mass or more and 600 ppm by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the lubricant composition, and the ratio (NC/CaB) of the nitrogen atom content (NC) of the ashless detergent (C) to the calcium atom content (CaB) of the calcium-based detergent (B) is 1.3 to 3.1 as a mass ratio.