Low-Bandwidth Predistortion for Nonlinear RF Filter Linearity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Non-linear characteristics in radio frequency filters used in communication networks lead to manufacturing challenges, cost issues, and communication quality degradation, particularly in high and low power base stations and user equipment devices, due to the non-linearity of filters like cavity, ceramic, and miniature filters.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of predistortion techniques, including adaptive digital and analog predistortion, to compensate for the non-linearity of filters, using a system that includes a power amplifier, digital-to-analog converter, and a predistorter configured by an adaptor based on feedback signals, effectively treating the non-linear filter as a linear one.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If cavity filters are used in high power base stations to handle high output power, then the filter can handle the high power, but the manufacturing cost increases due to low first round production yield (around 60%)

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoutput power handling capabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies predistortion processing to the input signal before it enters the non-linear filter, proactively compensating for the filter's non-linear characteristics. This preliminary action allows the use of lower-cost filters while maintaining linear output performance, resolving the contradiction between power handling and manufacturing cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the harmful non-linear characteristics of inexpensive filters into a manageable parameter through predistortion. By intentionally pre-distorting the input signal, the system transforms what would be a defect into a controllable feature, enabling cost-effective high-power filter solutions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Reliability

If cavity filters are used to provide desired linearity, then the filter provides good linearity, but the filter becomes very large and heavy

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovelinearityVSAvoidfilter weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical solution (large cavity filter) with an electronic signal processing solution (predistorter). Instead of using a physically large filter to achieve linearity, the system uses digital or analog predistortion circuitry to compensate for non-linearities, enabling the use of compact filters while maintaining linearity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Volume of moving object

If ceramic filters and monoblock filters are used in low power base stations to reduce size, then the filter size is reduced, but the filter does not provide desired linearity when operating at higher power (above 5 W)

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefilter sizeVSAvoidlinearity
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The predistorter pre-compensates for the non-linear characteristics of compact ceramic and monoblock filters before the signal enters these filters. This preliminary signal processing enables these small filters to operate at higher power levels (5-20 W) while maintaining acceptable linearity, resolving the contradiction between size and reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

4Volume of moving object

If miniature filters (SAW, FBAR, BAW) are used in user equipment devices to reduce size, then the device size is reduced, but the filter operates in its non-linear region at peak power levels

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefilter sizeVSAvoidcommunication quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the reliance on passive filter linearity with active predistortion signal processing. This substitution allows miniature filters to be used in user equipment at peak power levels without communication quality degradation, as the predistorter compensates for the filters' non-linear operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

5Reliability

If predistortion is applied to compensate for filter non-linearity, then linearity is maintained over wider power range, but the system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelinearity maintenanceVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a predistorter as an intermediary component between the signal source and the non-linear filter. This mediator pre-processes the signal to compensate for upcoming non-linearities, maintaining linearity without requiring fundamental changes to the filter or transmitter architecture, thus managing complexity effectively.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP2795802B1Architecture of a low bandwidth predistortion system for non-linear RF components
Publication Date: 2019.10.23 TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL)
  • EP2795802B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2795802B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP2795802B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

Systems and methods for compensating for non-linearity of a non-linear subsystem using predistortion are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system includes a non-linear subsystem and a predistorter configured to effect predistortion of an input signal of the non-linear subsystem such that the predistortion compensates for a non-linear characteristic of the non-linear subsystem. In addition, the system includes a narrowband filter that filters a feedback signal that is representative of an output signal of the non-linear subsystem to provide a filtered feedback signal, and an adaptor that adaptively configures the predistorter based on the filtered feedback signal and a reference signal that is representative of an input signal of the non-linear subsystem. By utilizing the filtered feedback signal, rather than the feedback signal, a complexity, and therefore, cost of the adaptor is substantially reduced.