Low-Flow Vaporizer With Surface Tension Breaking for Uniform Humidity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional climate control systems for animal cages struggle to maintain precise humidity levels, especially in small volumes, due to the formation of droplets in vaporizers, which limits flexibility and increases costs, particularly in settings where different climate parameters are needed for various experiments or animals.

Innovation Solution

A vaporizer system with a surface tension breaking device, such as stainless steel wool or porous materials, is used to prevent droplet formation in the vaporization chamber, allowing for a controlled and uniform flow of vapor at ambient pressure, enabling precise humidity control in small volumes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If traditional humidifiers based on piezo-transducers or ultrasound transducers are used, then water droplets are generated and ejected into the air, but relatively large space is needed and droplet formation occurs in the vaporization chamber

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveamount of vaporVSAvoidspace required
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a porous wick material to replace traditional piezo-transducer or ultrasound transducer-based humidifiers. The porous structure allows controlled capillary action to transport water to the heating element, enabling compact vapor generation without requiring large spaces for droplet ejection and evaporation. This directly addresses the space constraint while maintaining effective humidification.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The invention extracts and eliminates the droplet formation problem by using a wick-based liquid delivery system that feeds water directly to the heating element in a controlled manner. This prevents the formation of free water droplets in the vaporization chamber that would otherwise require large spaces for evaporation, thereby reducing the overall system volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Reliability

If traditional climate control systems control the entire building or room, then climate parameters can be maintained, but the system becomes inflexible and costly when different experiments require different climate parameters

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveclimate control stabilityVSAvoidflexibility for different experiments
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements segmentation by providing individual climate control units for each cage or small group of cages, rather than controlling the entire room. Each unit can be independently adjusted to provide different climate parameters (temperature, humidity) suited to specific experimental requirements, while maintaining stable control within each segmented zone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention applies local quality by enabling different climate conditions in different locations (cages) within the same room. Each climate control unit can be customized with specific temperature and humidity settings tailored to the particular experimental needs of that cage, allowing simultaneous diverse climate conditions throughout the facility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Ease of operation

If the liquid supply tube directly enters the vaporization chamber, then liquid can be supplied, but droplets form in the vaporization chamber

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveliquid supply simplicityVSAvoidvapor flow uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a wick material as an intermediary between the liquid supply tube and the vaporization chamber. The wick serves as a mediator that absorbs and transports liquid through capillary action, distributing it uniformly across the heating element surface without allowing free droplet formation. This maintains operational simplicity while achieving precise, uniform vapor generation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The porous wick material provides a controlled pathway for liquid transport, preventing droplet formation by distributing the liquid uniformly across its structure. The capillary pores regulate liquid flow and ensure even distribution to the heating element, thereby achieving uniform vapor generation without compromising the simplicity of liquid supply.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution provides a stable and controllable flow of vapor, even at low amounts, enhancing the flexibility of climate control in animal cages and reducing costs by eliminating the need for large, inflexible humidification systems.

Implementation Method 1

a heating element for raising the temperature of the vaporization chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Implementation Method 2

a surface tension breaking device having an open structure is provided at an end of the liquid supply tube which end is abutting or protruding into the vaporization chamber so that the liquid passes through the surface tension breaking device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface tension breaking: Surface Tension

Implementation Method 3

the liquid passes through the surface tension breaking device when flowing from the liquid supply tube and into the vaporization chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Implementation Method 4

a vaporization chamber wherein the vapour is generated

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 5

a boiler unit for increasing the temperature of a liquid to above its boiling point

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Data Source

PatentEP2918926B1Low flow vaporizer and climate control unit and cage system comprising such a vaporizer
Publication Date: 2016.03.09 SCANBUR
  • EP2918926B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2.b
  • EP2918926B1 patent drawingFigure 3.a~4
  • EP2918926B1 patent drawingFigure 5.a~5.b

AI summary

The present invention relates to a vaporizer (1) for generation of a flow of vapour to be fed into a stream of gas. The vaporizer (1) comprises a vaporization chamber (4), and liquid is fed to the vaporization chamber (4) via a liquid supply tube (3). A surface tension breaking device (8) having an open structure is provided at the end (9) of the liquid supply tube (3) which is abutting or protruding into the vaporization chamber (4) so that the liquid passes through the surface tension breaking device (8) when flowing from the liquid supply tube (3) and into the vaporization chamber (4). Hereby liquid can be supplied to the vaporization chamber (4) without any significant formation of droplets in the vaporization chamber (4). The invention further relates to a climate control unit (18) comprising such a vaporizer (1). It further relates to a cage system (15) for housing experimental animals which are to experience an environment different from that of a surrounding space (19). The vaporizer (1) is used to supply a controllable and uniform flow of vapour to the cages (16) so that a desired humidity can be maintained.