Low-GWP Heat Transfer Fluid Composition for Refrigeration Performance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current refrigerant and heat transfer fluids, such as HFC-134a, R-404A, and R-407C, have high global warming potential (GWP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP), necessitating the development of alternatives that are environmentally friendly and efficient.

Innovation Solution

Compositions comprising 60% to 90% by weight of 2,3,3-tetrafluoropropene combined with 10% to 40% by weight of difluoroethane and difluoromethane, which offer zero ODP and a lower GWP, suitable for use as heat transfer fluids, refrigerants, blowing agents, aerosols, and solvents, potentially replacing existing fluids like R-404A and R-407C in refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If HFC-134a is used as refrigerant fluid, then ozone depletion is reduced, but global warming potential increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveozone depletion potentialVSAvoidglobal warming potential
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by using hydrofluoropropenes (specifically 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) instead of conventional HFCs. These compounds have fundamentally different molecular structures that result in zero ozone depletion potential and reduced global warming potential while maintaining refrigerant performance characteristics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates composite refrigerant compositions by combining hydrofluoropropenes with other fluorinated compounds in specific ratios. These composite mixtures (such as those containing HFC-134a, HFC-125, HFC-143a, or HFC-135a) achieve optimized environmental properties while maintaining thermodynamic performance for heat transfer applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Productivity

If R-404A mixture is used as refrigerant fluid, then refrigeration performance is improved, but global warming potential increases to 3900

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefrigeration performanceVSAvoidglobal warming potential
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent modifies the compositional parameters by replacing conventional high-GWP components with hydrofluoropropenes. The specific formulations (such as Composition A with 60-80% 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 20-40% HFC-134a) are designed to maintain the refrigeration performance required for superstores and refrigerated transport while achieving significantly lower GWP values.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If R-407C mixture is used as heat transfer fluid, then air conditioning performance is improved, but global warming potential increases to 1800

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair conditioning performanceVSAvoidglobal warming potential
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition by incorporating hydrofluoropropenes (particularly 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) in combination with other fluorinated compounds. The formulations are specifically optimized for air conditioning and heat pump applications, maintaining the required thermal performance while reducing GWP compared to conventional R-407C mixture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Object-generated harmful factors

If carbon dioxide is used as refrigerant fluid, then global warming potential is reduced, but operating pressure increases very high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveglobal warming potentialVSAvoidoperating pressure
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses hydrofluoropropenes as intermediary substances that bridge the gap between carbon dioxide's environmental benefits and conventional refrigerants' pressure characteristics. These compounds provide intermediate operating pressures that are lower than CO2 while maintaining low GWP, making them suitable for existing refrigeration infrastructure without requiring high-pressure system modifications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentUS9599381B2Heat transfer fluid
Publication Date: 2017.03.21 ARKEMA FRANCE SA

AI summary

Compositions which are based on tetrafluoropropene and more particularly relates to compositions including 60% to 90% by weight of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 10% to 40% by weight of at least one compound selected from difluoroethane and difluoromethane, which can be used as a heat transfer fluid. The compositions may include 60% to 79% by weight of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 21% to 40% by weight of a compound selected from difluoroethane and difluoromethane.