Light-Emitting Device Driving Circuit for Low-Power Deep-Skin PPG

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Solution Overview

Problem

The high power consumption of light-emitting devices in PPG sensors, particularly when deep skin is tested, limits real-time heart rate detection and continuous blood oxygen detection in wearable devices, necessitating a reduction in power consumption to enable more health functions.

Innovation Solution

A light-emitting device driving circuit with a voltage conversion circuit, current driving circuit, and controller that adjusts voltage in real-time based on electrical parameters, reducing power consumption by optimizing power supply efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If the driving current of the light-emitting device is increased to test deep skin, then the detection capability is improved, but the power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection capabilityVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic current adjustment by dividing the light-emitting device into multiple groups that can be independently controlled. Different groups emit light at different current levels according to predetermined sequences, enabling the system to adaptively adjust driving current based on detection needs rather than maintaining a fixed high current level throughout operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs periodic action through predetermined current sequences where different light-emitting device groups are activated in alternating periods. This allows the system to cycle between different current levels for different groups, achieving deep skin detection capability when needed while reducing overall power consumption during non-critical periods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

2Reliability

If a fixed maximum voltage is supplied to all light-emitting devices, then all devices can work in extreme scenarios, but power supply efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveextreme scenario capabilityVSAvoidpower supply efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by assigning different current levels to different groups of light-emitting devices based on their specific operational requirements. Instead of uniformly supplying maximum current to all devices, the system selectively applies appropriate current levels to each group, ensuring that only the necessary portion of the system operates at maximum power while other portions operate at lower, more efficient levels.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the driving current parameters for different light-emitting device groups according to predetermined sequences. This allows the system to change operational parameters (current levels) based on detection requirements, achieving both reliability in extreme scenarios and improved power supply efficiency through optimized parameter selection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution improves power supply efficiency, reducing overall system power consumption and enabling more efficient real-time heart rate and blood oxygen detection in wearable devices.

Implementation Method 1

the voltage conversion circuit is configured to adjust a voltage at an output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit based on the second control signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVoltage conversion: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

light-emitting devices such as a laser diode (laser diode, LD) or a light-emitting diode (light-emitting diode, LED) are widely used in an electronic device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight emission: Light Emitting Diode

Implementation Method 3

the current driving circuit is configured to provide a predetermined current for a first light-emitting device based on the first control signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectroluminescence: Electroluminescence

Data Source

PatentUS12457669B2Light-emitting device driving circuit, PPG sensor, and electronic device
Publication Date: 2025.10.28 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • US12457669B2 patent drawing
  • US12457669B2 patent drawing
  • US12457669B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A light-emitting device driving circuit includes: a voltage conversion circuit, at least one light-emitting device, a current driving circuit, and a controller. Any light-emitting device and the current driving circuit are coupled in series between an output terminal and a ground terminal of the voltage conversion circuit. The controller is configured to output a first control signal to the current driving circuit, the current driving circuit is configured to provide a predetermined current for a first light-emitting device based on the first control signal, the controller is configured to output a second control signal to the voltage conversion circuit based on an electrical parameter on a path on which the first light-emitting device and the current driving circuit are located, and the voltage conversion circuit is configured to adjust a voltage at the output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit based on the second control signal.