Low-Temperature Adsorption Denitration System
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current flue gas denitration technologies, such as SCR selective catalytic reduction and wet denitration, face inefficiencies due to temperature-dependent catalyst activity, high operation costs, secondary pollution, and rapid catalyst aging, while low-temperature plasma oxidation methods consume excessive power and resources.
Innovation Solution
A low-temperature adsorption denitration system comprising a booster fan, cold energy recoverer, flue gas cooling system, flue gas switching valve, and two denitration adsorption towers filled with activated carbon or molecular sieves, which pre-cool flue gas to below room temperature for physical adsorption denitration, enabling continuous operation and recycling of adsorption materials without catalysts or oxidants.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If SCR selective catalytic reduction method is used to remove NOx, then denitration efficiency is improved, but operation cost increases due to catalyst aging and consumption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the temperature parameter of flue gas from high temperature (suitable for SCR) to low temperature (below room temperature), enabling physical adsorption denitration instead of catalytic reduction, thereby avoiding catalyst aging and consumption while maintaining denitration efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the chemical catalytic reduction system with a physical adsorption system using activated carbon or molecular sieve materials, eliminating the need for expensive catalysts that age and consume, thus reducing operation cost while maintaining effectiveness
2Reliability
If SCR selective catalytic reduction method is used, then NOx is reduced to N2, but secondary pollution such as ammonia escape occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the chemical reduction method requiring ammonia injection with physical adsorption using activated carbon or molecular sieves, directly adsorbing NOx from flue gas without introducing ammonia, thereby eliminating ammonia escape pollution while maintaining NOx removal effectiveness
3Reliability
If wet denitration technology is used to remove NOx, then soluble NO2 can be removed by alkaline liquid, but pre-oxidation requires extra strong oxidants leading to high operation cost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the temperature parameter to below room temperature, enabling direct physical adsorption of both NO and NO2 without requiring pre-oxidation of NO to NO2, thereby eliminating the need for expensive strong oxidants like ozone or hydrogen peroxide while maintaining NOx removal capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and removes the pre-oxidation step from the wet denitration process by using low-temperature physical adsorption that can directly adsorb both NO and NO2, eliminating the need for extra strong oxidants and reducing operation cost
4Reliability
If low-temperature plasma oxidation method is used for pre-oxidation, then NO can be oxidized to NO2, but power consumption is high resulting in high operation cost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the temperature parameter to below room temperature and uses physical adsorption instead of plasma oxidation, enabling direct adsorption of both NO and NO2 without requiring high-energy plasma pre-oxidation, thereby dramatically reducing power consumption while maintaining oxidation and removal effectiveness
5Adaptability or versatility
If flue gas temperature changes due to power plant load adjustment, then operation flexibility is improved, but SCR denitration efficiency is seriously affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the operating temperature parameter to low temperature (below room temperature) using physical adsorption, which is not sensitive to flue gas temperature variations caused by load adjustments, thereby maintaining high denitration efficiency while improving operation flexibility and adaptability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves high denitration efficiency by directly adsorbing NO2 and NO, reducing ammonia escape and secondary pollution, and recycles water and energy, lowering operational costs and environmental impact.
Implementation Method 1
a flue gas cooling system, which includes a primary cooling system and a secondary cooling system; the primary cooling system is an air cooling system, a heat exchanger cooling system, or a water cooling system
Implementation Method 2
the secondary cooling system is a compression refrigeration system or an absorption refrigeration system
Implementation Method 3
the flue gas with a temperature below the room temperature enters a denitration adsorption tower for physical adsorption denitration
Implementation Method 4
the flue gas cooling system is provided with a flue gas condensate water outlet
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a flue gas low-temperature adsorption denitration system and process. The system includes a booster fan, a cold energy recoverer, a flue gas cooling system, a flue gas switching valve, and two denitration adsorption towers. An inlet of the booster fan is in communication with an inlet flue gas pipeline. The booster fan, the cold energy recoverer, the flue gas cooling system, the flue gas switching valve, and the denitration adsorption towers are sequentially communicated. An outlet of the flue gas switching valve is in communication with each of the two second denitration adsorption towers. Flue gas outlets of the two denitration adsorption towers are in communication with a flue gas manifold. The flue gas manifold is communicated with the cold quantity recoverer. Two denitration adsorption towers take turns to carry out denitration and regeneration processes, so that continuous denitration operations of the system can be achieved.