Low-Temperature Chlorination for High-Purity Vanadium Pentoxide
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for producing high-purity vanadium pentoxide face challenges such as high production costs, low efficiency, and environmental pollution due to the use of expensive reagents and the generation of ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, with existing chlorination processes being inefficient and difficult to scale up industrially.
Innovation Solution
A system and method involving a low temperature chlorination fluidized bed, rectification, gas phase ammonification, and calcination fluidized bed to produce high-purity vanadium pentoxide, utilizing a controlled chlorination process with heat exchange and air combustion to stabilize temperatures, reducing energy consumption and wastewater production.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If chemical precipitation purification and solvent extraction/ion resin exchange are used to purify vanadium solution, then purity of vanadium pentoxide can be improved, but production cost increases and large-scale production cannot be implemented
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes harmful impurity elements (Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Ti, Si) from the vanadium solution through selective chemical precipitation using sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, separating them from the vanadium-containing solution to achieve high purity without requiring expensive reagents or complex extraction processes
Solution Approach 2:
The invention controls the pH value parameter during precipitation to selectively precipitate different impurities at different pH stages, achieving separation and purification of vanadium from multiple impurity elements through parameter optimization rather than using expensive high-purity reagents
2Manufacturing precision
If repeated ammonium salt precipitation operations are conducted to remove impurities, then purity of vanadium pentoxide can be improved, but production efficiency decreases and direct recovery rate of vanadium declines significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary removal of major impurity elements (Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Ti, Si) from the vanadium solution before ammonium salt precipitation, so that only one precipitation operation is needed to achieve high purity vanadium pentoxide, avoiding the need for multiple repeated precipitation steps and thereby maintaining high production efficiency and vanadium recovery rate
3Manufacturing precision
If extraction/back extraction, precipitation, and washing operations are used for purification, then purity of vanadium pentoxide can be improved, but large amount of wastewater containing vanadium ions, ammonium ions and sodium salts is produced, resulting in difficult treatment and serious pollution
Solution Approach 1:
The invention recovers and reuses the mother liquor containing vanadium ions and ammonium ions from the precipitation process by adjusting pH to precipitate vanadium pentoxide, thereby minimizing wastewater discharge and enabling resource recovery rather than simple discarding
Solution Approach 2:
The invention converts the wastewater containing vanadium ions and ammonium ions from a harmful waste product into a valuable resource by using it as the basis for producing high-purity vanadium pentoxide through pH adjustment and precipitation, thereby eliminating pollution while maintaining product purity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method achieves high purity vanadium pentoxide with reduced energy consumption and operational costs, stable product quality, and adaptability to various raw materials, suitable for large-scale industrial production with minimal environmental impact.
Implementation Method 1
purified by the methods such as chemical precipitation purification and/or solvent extraction/ion resin exchange etc. to obtain a purified vanadium solution; and then subjected to ammonium salt precipitation to obtain the purified ammonium polyvanadate or ammonium metavanadate precipitate
Implementation Method 2
the precipitate is subjected to decomposition by calcination to obtain the high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder
Implementation Method 3
Due to the large difference in the boiling points and saturated vapor pressures of metal chlorides, different metal chlorides are easily separated by distillation/rectification
Implementation Method 4
high-purity vanadium pentoxide can be prepared by subjecting the high-purity vanadium oxytrichloride to hydrolysis and ammonium salt precipitation
Implementation Method 5
a gas outlet at the top of the chlorination bed cyclone separator is connected with a hot flue gas inlet of a flue gas heat exchanger; a cold flue gas outlet of the flue gas heat exchanger is connected with a gas inlet of a flue gas condenser
Implementation Method 6
a gas outlet of the flue gas condenser is connected with a gas inlet of the chlorination bed acid-seal tank; such that vanadium oxytrichloride therein is condensed to form a crude vanadium oxytrichloride liquid
Implementation Method 7
a gas inlet at the bottom of the chlorination bed feeder is connected with a nitrogen gas source main pipe through a pipeline; wherein the air enables a part of the carbon powder to combust to provide heat for maintaining the temperature of the fluid bed
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a system and method for purifying and preparing vanadium pentoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is purified by rectification, and then subjected to fluidized gas phase ammonification, thereby obtaining ammonium metavanadate, and further obtaining a high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder product through fluidized calcination. The system and method have advantages of favorable adaptability to raw material, no discharge of contaminated wastewater, low energy consumption and chlorine consumption in production, stable product quality etc.