LPSO Solid Electrolyte Composition for High Crystallinity Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current lithium-ion battery solid electrolytes face challenges in achieving high ionic conductivity and crystallinity, particularly in lithium phosphorus sulfide (LPS) materials, which limit their performance and stability.
Innovation Solution
The development of lithium phosphorus oxysulfide (LPSO) solid electrolytes with a specific chemical formula (Li3PSxOy) and high crystalline volume fraction, manufactured through a process involving mixing of lithium, phosphorus, sulfur, and oxygen starting materials, followed by annealing at controlled temperatures and durations, to achieve high ionic conductivity and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If lithium phosphorus sulfide (LPS) materials are used as solid electrolytes, then ionic conductivity can be achieved, but crystallinity and stability are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical composition parameters of the solid electrolyte by introducing oxygen into the lithium phosphorus sulfide structure, creating lithium phosphorus oxysulfide (LPSO) with formula Li3PSxOy. This compositional parameter change simultaneously improves both ionic conductivity and crystallinity, resolving the contradiction between achieving good ionic conductivity and maintaining high crystallinity/stability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite solid electrolyte material by combining lithium phosphorus sulfide with oxygen-containing compounds (such as Li2SiO3, Li2SO4, or P2O5). This composite approach allows the material to benefit from both the high ionic conductivity of LPS and the enhanced stability and crystallinity provided by the oxide components
2Reliability
If solid-state electrolytes are used instead of liquid electrolytes, then safety and stability improve, but ionic conductivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the chemical composition parameters of the solid electrolyte by controlling the ratios of Li2S, P2S5, and oxide additives, along with annealing temperature and duration parameters. This allows the solid electrolyte to achieve room-temperature ionic conductivity greater than 1 mS/cm, matching or exceeding liquid electrolyte performance while maintaining the safety advantages of solid-state systems
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The LPSO solid electrolytes exhibit significantly higher ionic conductivity and crystallinity compared to traditional LPS materials, enhancing the performance and stability of lithium-ion batteries, particularly at room temperature.
Implementation Method 1
The precursor is annealed in an inert gas environment at a temperature of greater than about 240 degrees Celsius and less than or equal to about 300 degrees Celsius for a duration of greater than about 1 hour and less than or equal to about 4 hours to form an electrically insulating and ionically conductive lithium phosphorus oxysulfide (LPSO) solid electrolyte
Implementation Method 2
The LPSO may be primarily crystalline and may have a crystalline volume fraction of greater than or equal to about 90%
Implementation Method 3
an electrolyte that provides a medium for the conduction of lithium ions between the negative and positive electrodes
Data Source
AI summary
A solid electrolyte for a battery that cycles lithium ions includes an electrically insulating and ionically conductive lithium phosphorus oxysulfide (LPSO) represented by the formula Li3PSxOy, where x is greater than about 3.5 and less than or equal to about 3.8 and y is greater than or equal to about 0.2 and less than about 0.5. The LPSO solid electrolyte may be manufactured by annealing an amorphous precursor including lithium (Li), phosphorus (P), sulfur(S), and oxygen (O) at a temperature of greater than about 240 degrees Celsius and less than or equal to about 300 degrees Celsius for a duration of greater than about 1 hour and less than or equal to about 4 hours.