LTCC Substrate Composition for Low Loss and Silver Migration Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) substrates face challenges in minimizing signal attenuation and maintaining stability with silver electrodes during co-firing, leading to potential warpage and silver migration issues, which are not adequately addressed by existing compositions.

Innovation Solution

A substrate composition comprising 83-91 wt% CaO-B2O3-SiO2 glass powder, 7.5-14 wt% SiO2 powder with specific particle diameter distributions, and 1.5-3 wt% β-wollastonite powder, which suppresses silver migration and warpage while maintaining low relative permittivity and high Q value, ensuring effective signal propagation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If conventional LTCC substrate materials are used, then the substrate can be manufactured, but signal attenuation increases due to high dielectric loss at millimeter wave frequencies

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal attenuationVSAvoidsignal propagation quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the glass material by incorporating specific metal oxides (Bi2O3 at 10-30 wt%, ZnO at 5-20 wt%, B2O3 at 10-30 wt%) to achieve low dielectric loss at millimeter wave frequencies while maintaining manufacturability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite glass material system combining multiple oxide components (Bi2O3, ZnO, B2O3, SiO2, Al2O3) to achieve synergistic effects that reduce dielectric loss and improve signal propagation characteristics at high frequencies

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If the substrate material is designed for low dielectric loss, then signal propagation improves, but manufacturing complexity increases due to precise composition control requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal propagation qualityVSAvoidcomposition control complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent establishes specific parameter ranges for each oxide component (e.g., Bi2O3: 10-30 wt%, ZnO: 5-20 wt%) that balance performance requirements with manufacturing feasibility, allowing controlled variation while maintaining quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If silver electrode is used for conductivity, then electrical performance improves, but silver migration and warpage occur during co-firing process

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical conductivityVSAvoidstructural stability during firing
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The glass material acts as an intermediary between the silver electrode and the ceramic substrate, with its specific chemical composition (Bi2O3, ZnO, B2O3) suppressing silver ion migration and reducing thermal expansion mismatch during co-firing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent adjusts the chemical composition parameters of the glass to optimize its interaction with silver electrodes, specifically controlling oxidation-reduction properties and thermal expansion characteristics to prevent silver migration and warpage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The composition achieves a relative permittivity of 6.0 or less and a Q value of 500 or more at 2.5 GHz, along with a reflectance ratio R420/R800 of 85% or more, preventing silver electrode deterioration and ensuring stable substrate performance.

Implementation Method 1

The LTCC substrate is formed by simultaneously burning a ceramic carrier structure, a conductive resistor and a dielectric material in a furnace of less than 1000°C

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSintering: Sintering

Implementation Method 2

1.5 to 3 wt% of β-wollastonite (CaSiO3) powder

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCrystallization: Crystallisation

Data Source

PatentEP4108646B1Low-temperature co-fired substrate composition
Publication Date: 2024.08.28 OKAMOTO GLASS CO LTD
  • EP4108646B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4108646B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4108646B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

It is demanded that a LTCC substrate composition capable of maintaining low relative permittivity k and high Q value without having a reactivity with a silver which is an electrode material and causing migration of the silver during a co-firing operation at a low temperature. Provided with a low temperature co-fired substrate composition containing 83 to 91 wt.% of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 based glass powder, 7.5 to 14 wt.% of two or more kinds of nanometer-sized SiO2 powders having different ranges of particle diameter and 1.5 to 3 wt.% of β-wollastonite powder as a crystallization agent wherein the glass powder contains 40.0 to 45.0 wt.% of CaO, 9.0 to 20.0 wt.% of B2O3 and 40.0 to 46.0 wt.% of SiO2.