LTE Cellular ITS System for Vehicular Wireless Connectivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current intelligent transportation systems (ITS) face challenges with wireless access in vehicular environments due to path loss and interference issues, particularly with the Wireless Access Vehicular Environment (WAVE) system, which is not suited for long transmission ranges and high mobility of vehicles, and existing cellular networks are not effective in these environments.
Innovation Solution
A cellular-based ITS system is implemented using Long Term Evolution (LTE) interfaces, enabling direct connections between mobile terminals, roadside units (RSUs), and access points, with a ready state for mobile terminals to perform implicit handovers and maintain security contexts, reducing path loss and interference through LTE mobile terminal to relay node air interfaces and relay node to access point interfaces.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If WAVE system with RSUs and mobile terminals is used for wireless access in vehicular environments, then wireless connectivity is enabled, but path loss and interference issues occur due to high-frequency band and small cell size
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces cellular networks as an intermediary infrastructure to replace or supplement the WAVE system. Cellular base stations act as mediators that provide wide-area coverage and reliable connectivity, avoiding the path loss and interference problems of high-frequency DSRC bands while enabling vehicular communication through existing cellular infrastructure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent leverages the universality of cellular networks to serve multiple functions: providing wide-area coverage, handling high mobility scenarios, and enabling vehicular communication without requiring dedicated ITS infrastructure. The cellular system can serve both traditional mobile users and vehicular applications through the same infrastructure.
2Area of stationary object
If transmission power of RSU-WAN link is increased to account for transmission range, then coverage range is improved, but significant interference issues occur for the RSU-mobile terminal link
Solution Approach 1:
The cellular base station acts as an intermediary that receives data from the RSU via wired backhaul and transmits to mobile terminals wirelessly. This separates the wide-area coverage function (performed by the base station with high power) from the local RSU-terminal communication, eliminating the interference problem that would occur if the RSU itself transmitted at high power over long distances.
3Area of stationary object
If existing cellular networks are used for vehicular environments, then wide-area coverage is achieved, but they are not effective due to high mobility and small RSU cell size
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies cellular parameters and configurations optimized for vehicular environments, including larger cell sizes appropriate for road networks, mobility-aware handover parameters, and transmission power settings suited for high-speed movement. These parameter changes make the cellular network effective for vehicular applications while maintaining wide-area coverage.
Data Source
AI summary
A method, apparatus and computer program product are therefore provided according to an example embodiment to provide a cellular based ITS environment. The cellular based ITS environment may be configured based on LTE based interfaces. In this regard, a method includes receiving configuration information from a first access point, wherein the configuration information defines an ITS target area comprising at least the first access point and a first RSU. A method also includes receiving an ITS paging message from the first access point. A method also includes causing a reselection of the first RSU while in the communications range of the first access point in the ITS target area and in response to the received ITS paging message.