LTE V2X Congestion Mitigation via Packet Expiration and Priority
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Solution Overview
Problem
LTE-based V2X communication systems face congestion issues due to limited radio resources, which can degrade the quality of service for high-priority packets, such as safety-related messages, especially in scenarios with high vehicle density.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of priority parameters, including an expiration limit and treatment indicators, to manage data packet transmission, where packets are dropped or transmitted based on their freshness and network congestion levels, ensuring that high-priority packets are prioritized and low-priority packets are dropped when congestion is severe.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If V2X communication transmits all messages simultaneously using available radio resources, then the quantity of messages transmitted increases, but network congestion worsens and quality of service for high-priority packets deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by dynamically adjusting transmission parameters based on packet priority and network conditions. Specifically, it modifies the expiration limit parameter and treatment indicator parameter to control whether packets are transmitted or dropped. High-priority safety-related packets are granted extended expiration limits and preferential treatment, while low-priority packets have shorter expiration limits and are more readily dropped under congestion, thereby maintaining QoS differentiation without requiring complete transmission of all messages
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements local quality by applying different transmission policies to different packets based on their priority characteristics. Each packet is evaluated individually with its own expiration limit and treatment indicator, allowing high-priority safety messages to receive enhanced resource allocation and protection while low-priority messages receive reduced allocation. This localized differentiation enables the system to maintain high reliability for critical communications while managing overall network throughput
2Reliability
If V2X communication prioritizes high-priority packets by dropping low-priority packets during congestion, then quality of service for high-priority packets is maintained, but the total quantity of messages transmitted decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by selectively transmitting only the most critical packets when network congestion occurs. Rather than attempting to transmit all packets or using complex priority queues, the system implements a threshold-based mechanism where packets are either transmitted or dropped based on their expiration limit and treatment indicator. This partial transmission approach ensures that high-priority safety messages are reliably delivered while accepting that some low-priority messages will be dropped, achieving QoS guarantees with minimal complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and removes low-priority packets from the transmission stream during congestion conditions. By evaluating each packet's priority characteristics and network conditions, the system selectively drops low-priority packets before they consume valuable radio resources. This extraction mechanism prevents low-priority traffic from interfering with high-priority safety communications, maintaining QoS for critical messages while reducing total transmission volume during congested periods
3Ease of manufacture
If V2X communication uses network-assigned resources for message transmission, then resource allocation efficiency improves, but congestion mitigation capability worsens due to limited radio resources
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-configuring expiration limits and treatment indicators for packets before transmission. These parameters are determined in advance based on packet priority and expected network conditions, allowing the system to make rapid transmission decisions without complex real-time negotiations. This pre-prepared configuration enables efficient resource utilization while providing built-in congestion mitigation capability, as packets with appropriate expiration limits can be quickly dropped if network conditions deteriorate, preventing congestion propagation
Data Source
AI summary
Methods and apparatus for configuring a UE to assist in mitigating network congestion include determining whether a data packet has expired based on a first parameter, which indicates an expiration of the data, and adjusting a transmission of the data packet based on the determination of whether the data packet has expired. In some aspects, the UE may drop the data packet upon determination that the data packet has expired. The UE may be configured detect to a first congestion level, receive a second congestion level from a second UE, and process a frame for transmission based on the first or second congestion level. The UE may be configured determine a priority, generate a data packet that includes a destination parameter or a source parameter, adjust radio resource parameters based on the destination parameter or source parameter, and transmit data packets according to adjusted radio resources.